Zagotavljanje varnega in zdravega dela v kemijskih laboratorijih

Rustan, Urška (author), Novosel, Barbara (mentor)

Diplomsko delo sem napisala z namenom identifikacije kritičnih mest, nepravilnosti ali pomanjkljivosti, ki vplivajo na varno in zdravo delo vseh prisotnih v laboratoriju, v laboratorijih ki so namenjeni študentom, raziskovalcem ter zaposlenim na visokošolskem zavodu in določitvi ukrepov za zmanjšanje ali odstranitev nepravilnosti. Identifikacija nevarnosti je prvi korak pri oceni tveganja. Pregled je potekal v treh različnih laboratorijih, in sicer v učnem, specialnem ter raziskovalnem s pomočjo Kontrolnika za laboratorij, ki nam omogoča sistematičen pregled delovnega mesta z namenom prepoznave kritičnih mest. V laboratorijih sem merila mikroklimatske pogoje (osvetljenost, toplotno ugodje ter hrup) na predvidenih delovnih mestih, preverila sem tudi prisotnost dokumentov (Navodila za delo v digestoriju, varnostni listi, Laboratorijski red, Navodilo za varno delo pri čiščenju laboratorijev ter druga navodila) za varno delo v laboratoriju. V nobenem od laboratorijev, v katerih sem izvajala meritve, ni zavedeno stalno delovno mesto, kjer bi delavec delo opravljal polni delovni čas. Toplotno obremenitev sem zabeležila v učnem laboratoriju na štirih delovnih mestih. Za ukrep se priporoča namestitev klimatskih naprav. V specialnem in raziskovalnem laboratoriju pa je toplotno ugodje ustrezno. Osvetljenost je zadostna v specialnem in raziskovalnem laboratoriju, ni pa ustrezna v učnem laboratoriju na enem delovnem mestu. Na tem delovnem mestu se priporoča namestitev dodatne razsvetljave. Hrup je presežen glede na kriterij za nemoteno delo v vseh treh laboratorijih. Glede na kriterij nevarnosti za poklicno naglušnost so vse meritve pod dovoljeno mejo 85 dB. S pomočjo Kontrolnika za pregled laboratorija sem v učnem, specialnem in raziskovalnem laboratoriju zabeležila pomanjkljivosti na področju varnega dela s kemikalijami. Skupen povzetek predlaganih ukrepov za vse tri laboratorije bi bil: redno opravljanje popisa kemikalij, menjava večjih kantic kemikalij z manjšimi, dosledno shranjevanje kemikalij v za to namenjenih omaricah, redno vzdrževanje delovne opreme ter upoštevanje varnostnih ukrepov za delo v laboratoriju. Le z izvajanjem in upoštevanjem ukrepov lahko zagotovimo varno in urejeno delovno okolje. Glavni namen diplomskega dela je ugotoviti, kako lahko izboljšamo delovne pogoje, s tem pa zmanjšamo tveganje za prisotne v laboratoriju. Z identifikacijo nevarnosti oziroma pomanjkljivosti ter predlaganimi ukrepi lahko izboljšamo delovne pogoje. Z ukrepi pripomoremo k izboljšanju varnosti in zdravja pri delu v laboratoriju.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: laboratorij, nevarnost, toplotno ugodje, osvetljenost, hrup, nezgoda
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
• Year: 2023
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-149235
• COBISS.SI-ID: 167388419
• Publication date in RUL: 05.09.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Ensuring safe and healthy work in the chemical laboratory

Abstract

I wrote my thesis intending to identify critical points, irregularities, or deficiencies that affect the safe and healthy work of all those present in the laboratory, in laboratories intended for students, researchers, and employees of the higher education institution, and to determine measures to reduce or eliminate the irregularities. Hazard identification is the first step in risk assessment. The inspection was carried out in three different laboratories, namely teaching, specialised, and research laboratories, using the Laboratory Checker, which allows us to systematically review the workplace to identify critical areas. In the laboratories, I measured the microclimatic conditions (lighting, thermal comfort, and noise) at the workstations provided, and I also checked the presence of documents (fume cupboard instructions, safety data sheets, laboratory rules, safe working instructions for cleaning laboratories and other instructions) for safe working in the laboratory. None of the laboratories in which I carried out measurements has a permanent full-time position. I recorded the heat load in the teaching laboratory at four workstations. The installation of air-conditioning is recommended as a precautionary measure. However, the thermal comfort is adequate in the specialised and research laboratories. The lighting is adequate in the special and research laboratories, but not adequate in the teaching laboratory at one workstation. Noise exceeds the criterion for undisturbed work in all three laboratories. According to the occupational hearing hazard criterion, all measurements are below the permissible limit of 85 dB. Using the Laboratory Inspection Checker, I have noted deficiencies in the area of safe handling of chemicals in the teaching, specialised, and research laboratories. A general summary of suggested actions for all three laboratories would be: to carry out a regular chemical inventory, replace larger canisters of chemicals with smaller canisters, store chemicals consistently in dedicated cabinets, maintain work equipment regularly, and observe safety precautions for working in the laboratory. Only by implementing and following these measures can we ensure a safe and orderly working environment. The main aim of the thesis is to identify how working conditions can be improved, thereby reducing the risk to those present in the laboratory. By identifying hazards or deficiencies and proposing measures, working conditions can be improved. The measures help to improve occupational safety and health in the laboratory.

• Keywords: laboratory, danger, thermal comfort, light, noise, incident