Povezanost vzdržljivosti mišic trupa s pojavnostjo bolečine v spodnjem delu hrbta pri odraslih - pregled literature : diplomsko delo

Hrovat, Kim (author), Jakovljević, Miroljub (mentor), Petrič, Maja (co-mentor), Vauhnik, Renata (reviewer)

Uvod: Bolečina v spodnjem delu hrbta se običajno obravnava kot bolečina, mišična napetost ali togost, ki je lokalizirana pod rebrnim robom in nad spodnjimi glutealnimi gubami in se pojavlja v vseh starostnih skupinah, od otrok do starejših. Potencialnih dejavnikov tveganja za pojav bolečine v spodnjem delu hrbta je mnogo, med njimi je tudi zmanjšana vzdržljivost mišic trupa. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil na podlagi pregleda literature raziskati povezanost med vzdržljivostjo mišic trupa in pojavnostjo bolečine v spodnjem delu hrbta pri odraslih osebah. Metode dela: Iskanje literature je potekalo v elektronski podatkovni zbirki PubMed. Uporabljene so bile naslednje kombinacije ključnih besed in besednih zvez: trunk muscle endurance, low back pain, association, core muscle endurance. V pregled so bile vključene raziskave povezanosti vzdržljivosti mišic trupa in pojavnosti bolečine v spodnjem delu hrbta, katerih ugotovitve so bile objavljene v letih od 2012 do 2022 v angleškem jeziku. Merilo za vključitev raziskave v pregled je bila tudi uporaba testov vzdržljivosti mišic trupa in/ali meritev njihove aktivacije, ter vprašalnikov in/ali lestvic za oceno intenzivnosti bolečine. Rezultati: V pregled literature je bilo vključenih osem raziskav. V večini raziskav so bili uporabljeni različni testi vzdržljivosti mišic trupa, v dveh raziskavah so bile poleg testov izvedene tudi meritve aktivacije mišic, v eni raziskavi pa je bila izvedena zgolj meritev aktivacije mišic, s katero so testirali utrujenost merjenih mišic. V štirih raziskavah so ugotovili statistično značilne razlike med skupinama oseb z ali brez bolečine v spodnjem delu hrbta in s tem potrdili povezanost zmanjšane vzdržljivosti mišic trupa (predvsem fleksorjev in stranskih mišic trupa) s pojavnostjo bolečin v spodnjem delu hrbta. Pri osebah z bolečino v spodnjem delu hrbta je opažena tudi zmanjšana aktivacija mišic trupa, avtorji pa so dokazali tudi, da ima stopnja bolečine velik vpliv na funkcijo osebe in na samo vzdržljivost mišic trupa. Razprava in zaključek: Rezultati pregledanih raziskav kažejo povezanost med vzdržljivostjo mišic trupa in pojavnostjo bolečine v spodnjem delu hrbta. V prihodnjih raziskavah bi bilo potrebno upoštevati naslednja priporočila: vključiti večje število preiskovancev, uporabiti poenotene merilne tehnike za merjenje vzdržljivosti mišic trupa in podrobnejše ocenjevanje bolečine.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, vzdržljivost mišic trupa, bolečina v spodnjem delu hrbta, testi vzdržljivosti mišic trupa, mišična utrujenost
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [K. Hrovat]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 30 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-149091
• UDC: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 163107075
• Publication date in RUL: 03.09.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The relationship between trunk muscle endurance and the incidence of low back pain in adults - literature review : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Low back pain is usually considered as pain, muscle tension or stiffness localised below the rib cage and above the lower gluteal folds and can occur in all age groups, from children to the elderly. There are many potential risk factors for low back pain, including reduced endurance of the muscles of the trunk. Purpose: The aim of this thesis is to investigate the relationship between trunk muscle endurance and the risk of low back pain in adults, based on a literature review. Methods: The literature research was conducted in the PubMed electronic database. The following keyword and phrase combinations were used: trunk muscle endurance, low back pain, association, core muscle endurance. The review included research on the association between trunk muscle endurance and the incidence of low back pain, the findings of which were published in English between 2012 and 2022. The inclusion criteria for the review included the use of tests of trunk muscle endurance and/or activation, and questionnaires and/or scales to assess pain intensity. Results: Eight studies were included in the literature review. Most of the studies used various tests of trunk muscle endurance, two studies used muscle activation measurements in addition to the tests, and one study only used muscle activation measurements to test the fatigue of the measured muscles. Four studies found statistically significant differences between groups of people with or without low back pain, confirming the association of reduced trunk muscle endurance (especially flexor and lateral trunk muscles) with the incidence of low back pain. Reduced activation of the trunk muscles has also been observed in people with low back pain, and the authors proved that the level of pain has a significant impact on the individual's function and on the endurance of the trunk muscles. Discussion and conclusion: The results of the reviewed studies show a correlation between trunk muscle endurance and the incidence of lower back pain. Future research should consider the following recommendations: include a larger number of studies use standardised measurement techniques to measure trunk muscle endurance, and a deeper analytical assessment of pain.

• Keywords: diploma theses, physiotherapy, trunk muscle endurance, lower back pain, trunk muscle endurance tests, muscle fatigue