Ukrepi za podporo zdravju in dobremu počutju medicinskih sester v izmenskem delu : diplomsko delo

Pelicon, Pia (author), Milavec Kapun, Marija (mentor), Domajnko, Barbara (reviewer)

Uvod: Medicinske sestre so v kliničnih okoljih pogosto preobremenjene z daljšim delovnim časom in izmenskim delom, kar jim predstavlja stres in posledično prispeva k nezadovoljstvu pri delu, k izgorelosti, debelosti in motnjam spanja. Dolgoročno te težave vodijo v različne bolezni, ki so povezane z nezdravim načinom življenja. Namen: Je raziskati dejavnike, ki negativno vplivajo na zdravje medicinskih sester in raziskati ukrepe, ki pozitivno vplivajo na zdravje in dobro počutje medicinskih sester, ki delajo v izmenah. Metode dela: Uporabljen je bil deskriptivni pristop. Narejen je bil pregled domače in tuje znanstvene literature s področja dobrega počutja in zdravja medicinskih sester, ki delajo v izmenah. Literaturo smo iskali v naslednjih bibliografskih podatkovnih bazah in iskalniku: COBIB, CINAHL Ultimate, ScienceDirect in PubMed. Rezultati: Oblikovane so bile tri teme, prva tema zajema aktivnosti, ki jih izvajajo medicinske sestre za boljše počutja v izmenskem delu, tema o izboljšanju prehranjevalnih navad zajema skupinska izobraževanja in individualna svetovanja o zdravi prehrani. Medicinskim sestram lahko pri zmanjševanju utrujenosti in zaspanosti pomaga nočni dremež. Izvajanje sprostitvenih tehnik jim lahko pomaga, da lažje zaspijo. Stres v izmenskem urniku pa lahko zmanjšamo s čuječnostjo. Intervencije vodij timov zdravstvene nege, ki lahko vplivajo na zmanjšanje negativnih vplivov izmenskega dela so omejevanje ur izmen in nočnega dela ter prilagoditev urnika dela cirkadianemu ritmu. Delovne organizacije lahko vplivajo na zmanjšanje negativnih vplivov izmenskega dela z nudenjem podpore medicinskim sestram pri spremembah, ki pozitivno vplivajo na zdravje in dobro počutje. Ustvariti bi morali kulturo v delovnem okolju, ki spodbuja zdravo prehranjevanje. Razprava in zaključek: Pozitivni vpliv na spremembo življenjskega sloga in pomoč pri premagovanju ovir izmenskega dela medicinskih sester ima izobraževanje o vedenju v povezavi z zdravjem. Ukrepe za izboljšanje zdravstvenega stanja in počutje medicinskih sester bi poleg njih samih morali sprejeti tudi vodje negovalnih timov in vodstva bolnišnic. Medicinske sestre so pomembna delovna sila v bolnišnicah, kjer bi morale imeti omogočene najboljše pogoje za delo. Pomembno je ustvarjanje odprtega in spodbudnega okolja, v katerem se medicinske sestre počutijo udobno. To vključuje spodbujanje komunikacije, kjer zaposleni lahko izrazijo svoje skrbi, stresorje na delovnem mestu ter ovire za vedenje, ki podpira zdravje.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, delovna mesta, delovne organizacije, promocija zdravja
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [P. Pelicon]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 30 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-148736
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 162862851
• Publication date in RUL: 31.08.2023

PELICON, Pia, 2023, Ukrepi za podporo zdravju in dobremu počutju medicinskih sester v izmenskem delu : diplomsko delo [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. Ljubljana : P. Pelicon. [Accessed 8 April 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=148736

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Strategies for supporting health and well-being of nurses in shift work : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Nurses in clinical environment are often overburdened with long working hours and shift work, which stresses them and contributes to job dissatisfaction, burnout, obesity, and sleep disturbances. In the long term, these problems lead to various lifestyle-related diseases. Purpose: The aim of this thesis is to investigate the factors that have a negative impact on the health of shift nurses and to explore interventions that have a positive impact on the health and well-being of shift nurses. Methods: A descriptive approach was used. A review of the national and international scientific literature on the well-being and health of shift nurses was carried out. The following bibliographic databases were searched: COBIB, CINAHL Ultimate, ScienceDirect, and PubMed. Results: Three themes were developed. The first theme covers activities that nurses do to improve their well-being in shift work, the theme on improving eating habits covers group education, as well as individual counselling on healthy eating. Nurses could benefit from a night's nap to help reduce fatigue and drowsiness. Practicing relaxation techniques would help them fall asleep more easily. In addition, we can reduce the stress in our shift schedules with mindfulness. The topic of interventions that nursing team leaders can make to reduce the negative impact of shift work include limiting shift and night work hours and adjusting work schedules to circadian rhythms. Work organisations can help reduce the negative impacts of shift work by supporting nurses to make changes that have a positive impact on health and wellbeing. We should create a culture in the workplace that encourages healthy eating. Discussion and Conclusion: Educational sessions on healthy behaviours have a positive impact on lifestyle change and help to overcome barriers to shift work for nurses. In addition to nurses themselves, care team leaders and hospital managers should also take action to improve the health and well-being of nurses. Nurses are an important workforce in hospitals, where they should be able to work in the best conditions. It is important to create an open and supportive environment where nurses feel comfortable. This includes encouraging communication where employees can voice their concerns, stressors in the workplace and barriers to healthy behaviour.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, workplaces, work organizations, health promotion