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Contaminant uptake in wastewater irrigated tomatoes
ID Kovačič, Ana (Author), ID Andreasidou, Eirini (Author), ID Brus, Anže (Author), ID Vehar, Anja (Author), ID Potočnik, Doris (Author), ID Jagodic Hudobivnik, Marta (Author), ID Heath, David John (Author), ID Pintar, Marina (Author), ID Kacjan-Maršić, Nina (Author), ID Ogrinc, Nives (Author), ID Blaznik, Urška (Author), ID Heath, Ester (Author)

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Abstract
As population growth and climate change add to the problem of water scarcity in many regions, the argument for using treated wastewater for irrigation is becoming increasingly compelling, which makes understanding the risks associated with the uptake of harmful chemicals by crops crucial. In this study, the uptake of 14 chemicals of emerging concern (CECs) and 27 potentially toxic elements (PTEs) was studied in tomatoes grown in soil-less (hydroponically) and soil (lysimeters) media irrigated with potable and treated wastewater using LC-MS/MS and ICP-MS. Bisphenol S, 2,4 bisphenol F, and naproxen were detected in fruits irrigated with spiked potable water and wastewater under both conditions, with BPS having the highest concentration (0.034–0.134 µg kg$^{−1}$ f. w.). The levels of all three compounds were statistically more significant in tomatoes grown hydroponically (<LOQ - 0.137 µg kg$^{−1}$ f. w.) than in soil (<LOQ - 0.083 µg kg$^{−1}$ f. w.). Their elemental composition shows differences between tomatoes grown hydroponically or in soil and tomatoes irrigated with wastewater and potable water. Contaminants at determined levels showed low dietary chronic exposure. When the health-based guidance values for the studied CECs are determined, results from this study will be helpful for risk assessors.

Language:English
Keywords:chemicals of emerging concern, elements, hydroponics, lysimeters, health risk assessment, tomatoes, uptake, treated wastewater, reuse
Work type:Article
Typology:1.01 - Original Scientific Article
Organization:BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publication status:Published
Publication version:Version of Record
Year:2023
Number of pages:11 str.
Numbering:Vol. 448, art. 130964
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-148643 This link opens in a new window
UDC:502.131.1
ISSN on article:1873-3336
DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130964 This link opens in a new window
COBISS.SI-ID:141167619 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:28.08.2023
Views:723
Downloads:104
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Record is a part of a journal

Title:Journal of hazardous materials
Publisher:Elsevier
ISSN:1873-3336
COBISS.SI-ID:23154693 This link opens in a new window

Licences

License:CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Description:This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.

Secondary language

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:zaskrbljujoča nova onesnažila, elementi, ocena tveganja za zdravje, absorpcija, prečiščene odpadne vode, ponovna uporaba, paradižnik, rastlina, hidroponika, lizimetri, tveganje za zdravje

Projects

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:P1-0143
Name:Kroženje snovi v okolju, snovna bilanca in modeliranje okoljskih procesov ter ocena tveganja

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:P4-0013
Name:Hortikultura

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:P4-0085
Name:Agroekosistemi

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:N1-0143
Name:Novi pristopi za oceno uporabe psihoaktivnih zdravilnih učinkovin in prepovedanih drog z analizo odpadnih vod

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:L7-4422
Name:"Uptake": ponovna uporaba vode in blata iz čistilnih naprav v kmetijstvu: privzem in porazdelitev prioritetnih onesnažil v modelni rastlini paradižnika

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:J2-4427
Name:Algne tehnologije za zelene produkte - ALGreen

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Funding programme:Infrastructural Centre
Project number:IO-0022–0481-001
Acronym:IC RRC-AG

Funder:EC - European Commission
Funding programme:H2020
Project number:956265
Name:Advanced research and Training Network in Food quality, safety and security
Acronym:FoodTraNet

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