Eksperimentalna umetnost v Pekinški vzhodni vasi med letoma 1992 in 1994 : telo kot medij za izražanje osebne svobode

Tratnik, Julija (author), Vampelj Suhadolnik, Nataša (mentor)

Diplomska naloga obravnava telo kot medij za izražanje osebne svobode znotraj eksperimentalne umetnosti v Pekinški vzhodni vasi med letoma 1992 in 1994. Predstavi, v kakšnem družbenopolitičnem okolju se je ta eksperimentalna umetnost razvila, kakšne so njene značilnosti ter kaj so umetniki z golimi telesi sporočali. Politični pritiski in cvetoča potrošniška družba, ki se pojavijo po protestih na Trgu nebeškega miru, ter reforme Deng Xiaopinga so močno vplivali na kitajsko družbo in tudi umetnike ter njihovo ustvarjanje. Kritično in sodobno ustvarjanje je bilo izključeno iz javnih državnih površin, zato so umetniki ugotovili, da je vse, kar imajo, njihova zasebnost, vključno z lastnim telesom, kar pomeni, da so začela nastajati dela, ki so poudarjala avtonomijo umetnika. Tako so se umetniki obrnili na svoje telo, ki je postalo medij za izražanje osebne svobode. Umetniki so se začeli umikati iz centrov mest na obrobja, kjer so v umetniških vaseh na skrivaj ustvarjali eksperimentalna dela, za katera sta bila značilna kritičnost in upor do ustaljenih družbenih pravil. Postala so nov medij za izražanje nestrinjanja s takratnim in preteklim družbenopolitičnim stanjem Kitajske. Pomembna so tudi zato, ker so predstavljala glas neslišanih kitajskih prebivalcev, od tistih, ki so presegali binarni spolni sistem, do najrevnejših prebivalcev. Pojav uporabe telesa kot medija za izražanje osebne svobode je tesno povezan s sodelovanjem med fotografom Rong Rongom in umetnikoma performansa Zhang Huanom ter Ma Liumingom, ki so ustvarjali znotraj vasi, zato diplomsko delo razišče tudi njihovo sodelovanje, ki je prispevalo k nastanku fotografij performansa. Te so ključnega pomena za širjenje sporočil umetnikov.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: eksperimentalna umetnost, Pekinška vzhodna vas, fotografija, performans, golo telo
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: FF - Faculty of Arts
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [J. Tratnik]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 38 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-148093
• UDC: 7(510)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 166067715
• Publication date in RUL: 27.07.2023

Secondary language

• Language: Chinese
• Title: Experimental art in the Beijing East Village between 1992 and 1994 : body as a medium for expressing personal freedom

Abstract

This bachelor’s thesis examines the body as a medium of expressing personal freedom within experimental art in the Beijing East Village between 1992 and 1994. The thesis presents the socio-political environment in which this experimental art form developed, its characteristics, and the message that artists communicated with their naked bodies. The political pressure and booming consumer society that emerged after the Tiananmen Square protests and Deng Xiaoping's reforms had a profound effect on the Chinese society as well as the artists and their creations. Critical and contemporary creation was excluded from public spaces, which made artists realize that all they had was their privacy and their own bodies, and so they started to create works that emphasized their autonomy. Thus, the artists’ bodies became a medium of expressing personal freedom. Artists began to retreat from city centers to the outskirts, where they secretly created experimental works in artistic villages. These experimental works were characterized by criticism and rebellion against established social rules. They also became a new medium of expressing disagreement with the current and past socio-political situation in China. They are also important because they represented the voice of China's unheard residents, ranging from those who transcended the gender binary to the poorest. The phenomenon of using the body as a medium to express personal freedom is closely related to the collaboration between the photographer Rong Rong and the performance artists Zhang Huan and Ma Liuming, who were active in the village, so the thesis also investigates their collaboration, which contributed to the creation of performance photographs. These are crucial to spreading the artists' messages.

• Keywords: experimental art, Beijing East Village, photography, performance, naked body