Miti v prvi pomoči - travmatološka stanja : diplomsko delo

Divjak, Lovro (author), Slabe, Damjan (mentor), Dolenc, Eva (co-mentor), Ferfila, Nevenka (reviewer)

Uvod: Poznavanje prve pomoči je ključnega pomena za prepoznavo in ukrepanje pri nujnih in ne nujnih travmatoloških stanjih, zato je pomembno, da so javnosti dostopne zanesljive informacije. Zdravstveni delavci in tudi laiki morajo poznati ukrepe ob dogodkih, ki zahtevajo takojšnjo prvo pomoč, saj s tem pripomorejo k zmanjšanju negativnih posledic za zdravje poškodovanca. Namen in cilj: Namen diplomskega dela je ugotoviti prisotnost zmotnih prepričanj o prvi pomoči pri izbranih travmatoloških stanjih med laiki in študenti zdravstvenih smeri. Cilj diplomskega dela je ugotoviti, ali obstajajo statistično pomembne razlike med laiki in študenti zdravstvenih smeri glede poznavanja mitov in dejstev o prvi pomoči pri izbranih travmatoloških stanjih. Metode dela: V teoretičnem delu je bil narejen kritičen pregled znanstvene in strokovne literature. Za pripravo teoretičnih izhodišč je bila literatura iskana v mednarodnih bazah, kot so: Medline (v iskalniku PubMed), Cinahl, DiKul ter s pomočjo spletnega brskalnika Google. V empiričnem delu je bila uporabljena kvantitativno neeksperimentalna metoda dela. Podatki so bili zbrani s pomočjo odprtokodne aplikacije za izdelavo anket 1KA. Rezultati: Podatke, pridobljene z anketnim vprašalnikom, smo uredili s pomočjo Microsoftovega Excela 2019 in Microsoftovega Worda. Statistična obdelava podatkov pa je potekala s pomočjo programa SPSS verzija 26. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 466 oseb, od tega 281 študentov zdravstvene fakultete ter 185 laikov. Razprava in zaključek: Izkazalo se je, da so v večini pravilneje odgovorili študentje, razen pri treh trditvah: Če bom pomagal, me bodo tožili, če bom naredil kaj narobe; Če bom poškodovanemu motoristu snel čelado, mu glava lahko pade na pol; Utapljajočega moramo najprej udariti po glavi, da se onesvesti, šele potem ga rešujemo, kjer med laiki in študenti nismo ugotovili statistično pomembnih razlik. Ugotovili smo, da so v večini pravilneje odgovarjali študentje, pri čemer lahko sklepamo, da so dobro ločili med identificiranimi miti in dejstvi o prvi pomoči pri travmatoloških stanjih. Vsi, ki so kakorkoli povezani z usposabljanjem laične in strokovne javnosti o prvi pomoči, si morajo prizadevati, da ovržejo govorice in mite o ukrepih prve pomoči, ki so v nasprotju z doktrinarnimi napotki. Udeleženci usposabljanj morajo dobiti nedvoumne in jasne napotke v zvezi z nudenjem prve pomoči, saj lahko le tako odpravimo zmote in dileme oz. prispevamo k preprečitvi njihovega širjenja in nastanka novih.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, prva pomoč, poškodbe, laiki, študenti, znanje, zmotna prepričanja
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [L. Divjak]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 34 str., [2] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-147817
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 158685187
• Publication date in RUL: 13.07.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Myths in first aid - trauma : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Since knowledge of first aid is essential for recognising and responding to emergency and non-emergency trauma conditions, it is critical that reliable information is available to the public. Healthcare professionals and laypeople alike must be familiar with the actions to be taken in the event of an incident requiring immediate first aid, as this helps to minimise the negative consequences for the injured person's health.. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to find out if there are any misconceptions about first aid in specific trauma situations among laypeople and medical students. The aim of this thesis is to determine if there are statistically significant differences in laypeople's and medical students' knowledge of myths and facts about first aid for particular trauma conditions. Methods: The theoretical section of the paper conducts a critical review of the scientific and professional literature. To prepare the theoretical background, the literature was searched in international databases such as Medline (PubMed), Cinahl, DiKul, and Google. In the empirical section, a quantitative, non-experimental method of work was used. The data were collected using the open-source survey application 1KA. Results: The data collected from the survey questionnaire was edited in 2019 Microsoft Excel and Microsoft Word. The data was statistically processed using SPSS version 26. The study included 466 subjects, 281 of whom were medical students and 185 were laypeople. Discussion and conclusion: Except for three statements: if I help, I will be sued if I do something wrong; if I remove an injured motorcyclist's helmet, his skull might break in half; we must first hit the drowning person on the head to knock him unconscious, then we rescue him; there were no statistically significant differences between laypeople and students. We found that students were more likely to answer correctly, implying that they were adept at distinguishing between the identified myths and facts about trauma first aid. All those involved in training the lay and professional public in first aid should make every effort to dispel rumours and myths about first aid measures that contradict doctrinal guidance. Participants in training sessions must be given unambiguous and clear guidance on first aid since this is the only way to eliminate or help prevent the spread and creation of new fallacies and dilemmas.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, first aid, injuries, laypeople, students, knowledge, misconceptions