Vključevanje živali v delovnoterapevtsko obravnavo v domovih za starejše občane : diplomsko delo

Kramar, Klavdija (author), Lebar, Cecilija (mentor), Oven, Alenka (reviewer)

Uvod: Starejših oseb je vsako leto več in nekaj jih biva v domovih za starejše občane. Najpogostejši razlog za selitev v dom starejših občanov je, da oseba ni več sposobna samostojne skrbi zase in za svoj dom. Znotraj domov za starejše se izvajajo različne zdravstvene storitve, med njimi tudi delovna terapija, ki je usmerjena na uporabnika, njegovo samostojnost v vsakodnevnih dejavnosti ter zdravje in blaginjo. V delovnoterapevtske obravnave so lahko vključene tudi različne živali, in sicer v obliki aktivnosti ali terapije s pomočjo živali. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil raziskati prisotnost in značilnosti vključevanja živali v delovno terapevtsko obravnavo, ki se izvaja v domovih za starejše občane. Zanimalo nas je; v kaj je usmerjena delovna terapija, ki vključuje živali in kako učinke le-te vidijo delovni terapevti, ki so zaposleni v domovih starejših občanov. Metode: Uporabili smo deskriptivno metodo raziskovanja. Podatki so se zbirali v obliki ankete. Oblikovan je bil anketni vprašalnik, ki je vseboval tako odprt kot zaprt tip vprašanj. Nanj so odgovarjali delovni terapevti, zaposleni v domovih starejših občanov. Rezultati: Na prvo vprašanje anketnega vprašalnika, s katerim smo dobili informacijo ali vključeni imajo izkušnjo z vključevanjem živali v delovnoterapevtsko obravnavo, je odgovorilo 82 anketiranih. Z odgovarjanjem na vprašanja je nadaljevalo 50 anketiranih, ki imajo izkušnjo vključevanja živali v delovnoterapevtsko obravnavo. V povprečju anketirani tovrstne obravnave izvajajo 8 let. Najpogosteje vključujejo psa, a tudi druge živali niso izključene. Obravnava je najpogosteje usmerjena na izboljšanje/ohranjanje specifičnih duševnih funkcij, izboljšanje/ohranjanje telesnih funkcij ter na področje prostega časa in socialno participacijo. Razprava in zaključek: Živali so pomemben del življenja, še posebej za starejše osebe. Ob velikih spremembah, kot je selitev v dom starejših občanov, se lahko še dodatno izrazijo depresivna občutja in osamljenost starejših oseb. Pri tem so lahko v veliko pomoč aktivnosti ali terapije s pomočjo živali, ki izboljšajo počutje in polepšajo dan stanovalcem domov starejših občanov, hkrati pa omogočijo zanimive in učinkovite delovno terapevtske obravnave.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, delovna terapija, aktivnosti s pomočjo živali, terapija s pomočjo živali, starejše osebe
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [K. Kramar]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 30 str., [4] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-147408
• UDC: 615.851
• COBISS.SI-ID: 157810435
• Publication date in RUL: 05.07.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Inclusion of animals in occupational therapy treatment in homes for the elderly : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: The number of older people is increasing every year and some of them live in homes for the elderly. The most common reason for moving to a home for senior citizens is that the person is no longer able to take care of themselves and their home independently. Various health services are provided within the homes for the elderly, including occupational therapy, which focuses on the user, his health, well-being and independence in daily activities. Various animals can be included in the treatment of occupational therapy, namely in the form of activities or therapy with the help of animals. Purpose: The aim was to investigate what occupational therapy involving animals is aimed at and how the effects of these are seen by occupational therapists employed in homes for the elderly. Methods: We used a descriptive research method. The data was collected in the form of a survey. A survey questionnaire was designed, which contained both open and closed type questions. It was answered by occupational therapists employed in homes for the elderly who have experience with occupational therapy treatment involving animals. Results: 82 respondents answered the first question of the questionnaire, which was used to find out whether the participants had experience with the inclusion of animals in occupational therapy treatment. 50 respondents who have experience of including animals in occupational therapy treatment continued to answer the questions. On average, the respondents have been carrying out such treatments for 8 years. Most often they include a dog, but other animals are not excluded. Treatment is most often aimed at improving/maintaining specific mental functions, improving/maintaining physical functions, and the area of free time and social participation. Discussion and conclusion: Animals are an important part of life, especially for older people. In case of major changes, such as moving to a home for senior citizens, depressive feelings and loneliness of individuals can be further expressed. In this case, activities or therapy with the help of animals can be of great help, improving the well-being and brightening the day of the residents of senior citizens' homes. At the same time, they enable more interesting and effective occupational therapy treatments.

• Keywords: diploma theses, occupational therapy, activities with the help of animals, therapy with the help of animals, elderly people