Air transport is a key branch of the transport system, playing an important role in the
development of regions and countries. However, the operation of airlines and airports during
the COVID-19 pandemic faced a few challenges which had a negative impact on air transport.
The COVID-19 pandemic caused a drop in passenger numbers and restricted movement, which
had a severe impact on the aviation industry. Travel restrictions and border closures forced
airports to reduce the number of flights, and some even closed. Nevertheless, airports and
airlines have adapted to the pandemic and have taken various measures to ensure the safety of
passengers and staff and to limit the spread of the virus. These measures included various
hygiene precautions such as disinfecting planes and terminals, the mandatory use of masks and
keeping passengers at a distance.
The COVID-19 pandemic also highlighted the importance of adequate infrastructure and
hinterland links for the flow of air traffic, including rail lines and the road network. Many
airlines and airports experienced financial difficulties during the pandemic but have recovered
with financial assistance and by taking various measures, including cost reduction and business
optimization. The aviation industry had to adapt to changing conditions and take appropriate
measures to maintain passenger safety and ensure sustainable and efficient air traffic in the
future.
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