Bioprocessed wholegrain spelt flour improves the quality and physicochemical characteristics of wheat bread

Mencin, Marjeta (author), Markanovič, Nika (author), Mikulič Petkovšek, Maja (author), Veberič, Robert (author), Terpinc, Petra (author)

In the present study, the partial substitution of common white wheat flour for a bread recipe with variously bioprocessed wholegrain spelt was investigated. The addition of 1% and pasteurised 5% “germinated + enzymatic treated” spelt flour to wheat flour significantly improved the specific volume of the bread, but their texture profile analysis and sensory evaluation were not satisfactory. A higher percentage of added bioprocessed spelt flour darkened the colour of the bread. Breads with the addition of more than 5% of bioprocessed spelt flour were unacceptable in terms of quality and sensory parameters. The highest extractable and bound individual phenolics were found in breads with 5% “germinated + fermented” spelt flour (GFB5) and 5% pasteurised “germinated + enzymatic treated” spelt flour (GEB5P). A strong positive correlation was determined between trans-ferulic acid and TPC and DPPH• radical scavenging activity. The GEB5P bread showed the highest increase in extractable and bound trans-ferulic acid content, by 320% and 137%, respectively, compared to the control bread. Principal component analysis showed differences between the control bread and enriched breads in terms of their quality, sensory and nutritional properties. Breads with 2.5% and 5% “germinated + fermented” spelt flour had the most acceptable rheological, technological and sensory characteristics, in addition to a substantial improvement in their antioxidant content.

• Language: English
• Keywords: bioprocessed bread, rheological properties, sensory properties, extractable and bound phenolics, antioxidant activity, HPLC-MS
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 22 str.
• Numbering: Vol. 28, iss. 8, art. 3428
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-145733
• UDC: 664.6/.7:633.11:547.56
• ISSN on article: 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083428
• COBISS.SI-ID: 149233411
• Publication date in RUL: 11.05.2023

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Molecules
• Shortened title: Molecules
• Publisher: MDPI
• ISSN: 1420-3049
• COBISS.SI-ID: 18462981

Licences

• License: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Description: This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.

Secondary language

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: kruh, pirina moka, kaljenje, reološke lastnosti, senzorične lastnosti, fenolne spojine, antioksidativna učinkovitost

Projects

• Funder: ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
• Project number: P4-0234
• Name: Integrirano živilstvo in prehrana

• Funder: ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
• Project number: P4-0013
• Name: Hortikultura