Secular trends in physical fitness of Slovenian boys and girls aged 7 to 15 years from 1989 to 2019 : a population-based study

Radulović, Ana (author), Jurak, Gregor (author), Leskošek, Bojan (author), Starc, Gregor (author), Blagus, Rok (author)

Using the population-based data we aim to estimate the general population trends of multiple components of physical fitness of children, identify critical structural changes in these trends, and evaluate the potential changes in differences in the test scores between the children. During the entire study period, 1989–2019, median body mass index and triceps skinfold increased in both genders and all age groups. Muscular fitness, in general, showed negative trends, with some exceptions: during the post-2010 period, children were mostly experiencing the improvement of isometric strength of the upper body. The neuromuscular components of physical fitness showed positive trends, especially in girls. Cardiorespiratory fitness has been declining in all age groups until the last decade, with the largest decreases occurring before 2000. In the last decade, the trends reversed. The flexibility indicator revealed the largest differences between boys and girls, with boys mainly experiencing negative and girls mostly positive trends. The variability of the test scores mostly increased during the study period. This increasing variance suggests that—despite generally favourable trends in the last decade—children in Slovenia have been facing increasing inequalities in their development, which can potentially lead to future inequalities in health.

• Language: English
• Keywords: physical fitness, secular trends, Slovenia, boys, girls, health care, medical research
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
• Organization: FŠ - Faculty of Sport; MF - Faculty of Medicine
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2022
• Number of pages: 18 str.
• Numbering: Vol. 12, art. 10495
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-145272
• UDC: 614
• ISSN on article: 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14813-7
• COBISS.SI-ID: 113687555
• Publication date in RUL: 14.04.2023

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Scientific reports
• Shortened title: Sci. rep.
• Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
• ISSN: 2045-2322
• COBISS.SI-ID: 18727432

Licences

• License: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Description: This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.

Secondary language

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: telesna pripravljenost, sekularni trendi, Slovenija, učenke, učenci