Prehod v odraslost : magistrsko delo

Soršak, Sandra (author), Leskošek, Vesna (mentor)

Prehod mladostnikov v dobo odraslosti je obdobje polno izzivov, saj so mladi izpostavljeni največjim tveganjem na praktično vseh življenjskih področjih. Mladi so ranljiva skupina, ki se soočajo z osebnostno, čustveno, finančno in eksistencialno negotovostjo. V času študija sem se pobliže seznanila s težavami mladih, ki bivajo v mladinskem domu. Začela sem se spraševati, kako se mladostniki, ki ne živijo v primarnih družinah, soočajo z zapuščanjem zavoda. V magistrskem delu posvečam posebno pozornost pripravi mladostnikov na prehod v odraslost. Vzorec raziskave predstavlja deset strokovnih delavk, zaposlenih na Centrih za socialno delo (CSD). S pomočjo delno strukturiranega intervjuja sem zbrala podatke, ki kažejo, da mladostniki načeloma zavod zapustijo ob polnoletnosti ali ko poteče sklep sodišča. Ena izmed glavnih vlog svetovalnih delavcev iz CSD-jev v sodelovanju z zavodom je skupna priprava mladostnikov na vrnitev domov oz. iskanje najboljših možnih rešitev za mladostnike in njihove starše. Mladostniki v zavodu pridobijo spretnosti za samostojno življenje. Mladostniki, ki zaključijo bivanje v zavodu in se ne morejo vrniti k svoji družini, so deležni različnih oblik pomoči s strani CSD-ja. Dobro počutje mladih v novem okolju je v osnovi odvisno od psihološke podpore in občutka varnosti, podpore socialne mreže mladostnika, urejene nastanitve in finančne varnosti. Mladostniki se uspešneje osamosvojijo, če zaključijo šolanje in si pridobijo poklicno izobrazbo. Manj uspešne prakse prehoda so posledica nepripravljenosti opuščanja slabih navad, kot so kazniva dejanja mladostnikov, uživanje nedovoljenih substanc, družbeno neprilagojeno vedenje, pomanjkanje delovnih navad in odsotnost želje po spremembi načina življenja. Na koncu dela podajam tudi nekaj predlogov, ki bi lahko izboljšali postopek osamosvojitve mladostnikov pri prehodu v odraslost.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: mladostniki, odraslost, Center za socialno delo, namestitev v zavod
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FSD - Faculty of Social Work
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [S. Soršak]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 156 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-145203
• UDC: 364.63-053.9
• COBISS.SI-ID: 154354947
• Publication date in RUL: 13.04.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Transitioning to adulthood

Abstract

The transition of adolescents to adulthood is a period full of changes, as young people are exposed to the greatest risks in practically all areas of life. Young people are a vulnerable group, facing personal, emotional, financial and existential insecurities. During my studies, I became more familiar with the problems of young people, staying in a youth home. I began to wonder how young people, who do not live in primary families, cope with leaving the institution. In my master’s thesis, I pay special attention to the preparation of adolescents for the transition to adulthood. The research sample consists of ten female professionals, employed at Social Work Centres. I collected data with the help of a semi-structured interview. Data shows that young people leave the institution when they reach the age of majority or when the court order expires. One of the main roles of counsellors from the Social Work Centres in cooperation with the institution is the joint preparation of young people to return home or finding the best possible solutions for the adolescents and their parents. In the institution, young people acquire skills for independent living. Adolescents, who finish their stay in the institution and cannot return to their families, receive various forms of assistance from the Social Work Centres. The well-being of young people in a new environment depends on psychological support and a sense of security, the support of the young person’s social network, arranged accommodation and financial security. Young people are more successful in becoming independent if they successfully complete a school and acquire a vocational education. Less successful transition practices result from reluctance to abandon bad habits such as juvenile delinquency, illicit substance abuse, socially maladjusted behaviour, lack of work habits, and the lack of desire to change their lifestyle. At the end of the thesis, I also present some suggestions that could improve the process of the independence of adolescents in the transition to adulthood.

• Keywords: adolescents, adulthood, Social Work Centres, placement in an institution