Sodno varstvo pri odločanju o posegih v prostor v luči zahtev Aarhuške konvencije

Pucelj Vidović, Tanja (author), Pirnat, Rajko (mentor)

V disertaciji je v luči zahtev Aarhuške konvencije in tozadevno relevantnega prava EU podana ocena ureditve pravnega varstva, ki je v Sloveniji dostopno članom zadevne javnosti zoper oblastne odločitve o umestitvi posega v prostor. Delo se osredotoča na dve temeljni ravni odločanja o posegih, kar se odraža v strukturi naloge, ki v dveh ločenih poglavjih obravnava pravno varstvo zoper prostorske izvedbene akte (IV. poglavje) in pravno varstvo zoper upravne odločbe o posegu (V. poglavje). V omenjenih poglavjih uvodnim razmišljanjem (na primer o povezanosti varovanja okolja in prostorskega načrtovanja in pravni naravi prostorskega izvedbenega akta oziroma okvirni predstavitvi dovoljevanja) sledi ocena konvencijske skladnosti posameznih elementov ustavno-sodnega nadzora: procesne legitimacije in drugih pogojev za vsebinsko obravnavo, obsega in omejitev ustavno-sodnega nadzora, pooblastil Ustavnega oziroma Upravnega sodišča, učinkovitosti, posebnosti večstopenjskega odločanja itd. Identifikacija konvencijsko problematičnih vidikov slovenske pravne ureditve temelji na analizi prakse Odbora Konvencije in Sodišča EU ter njenem vplivu na posamezne nacionalne ureditve na eni, ter pregledu stanja slovenske ureditve in prakse na drugi strani. Na osnovi te prakse in literature je v zadnjem poglavju oblikovan premislek o potrebnih spremembah slovenske normativne ureditve in prakse ustavno-sodnega nadzora zoper obe kategoriji odločitev o posegih v prostor. Sicer ima disertacija šest poglavij. Uvodnemu poglavju sledi poglavje, v katerem je okvirno predstavljena vsebina Konvencije in mehanizem nadzora nad njenim spoštovanjem, s poudarkom na določbah, ki urejajo pravno varstvo, in opozorilom, da konvencijske zahteve v nacionalni pravni sistem vstopajo na treh ravneh, saj je pogodbenica Konvencije tudi Evropska unija. V tretjem poglavju pa so predstavljena temeljna izhodišča ustavno-sodnega varstva (pomen »celotne slike«, temeljni elementi, ki vplivajo na njegovo učinkovitost, vloga sodišč itd.) ter vpliv konvencijske narave akta na zahteve pravnega varstva.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Aarhuška konvencija, okoljsko-relevantno odločanje, poseg v okolje, poseg v prostor, prostorski izvedbeni akt, pobuda za presojo ustavnosti in zakonitosti, upravni spor, varstvo okolja, zadevna javnost
• Work type: Doctoral dissertation
• Organization: PF - Faculty of Law
• Year: 2023
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-145019
• COBISS.SI-ID: 149722883
• Publication date in RUL: 30.03.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Access to justice regarding decisions on land use in light of the Aarhus convection

Abstract

The analysis of the development of normative regulation and practice has confirmed that the Slovenian regulation of judicial protection against acts of encroachment on space since 2004, in which Slovenia ratified the Aarhus Convention, is significantly better adapted to the requirements of this Convention. conventionally required attributes of legal protection against spatial implementation acts (PIA) and concrete decisions on spatial interventions. The discussion on constitutional and judicial protection presents the development and changes in the understanding of the existence of a legal interest in an initiative against PIA. I believe that the change in practice should also be reflected in the initiatives of members of the public concerned under the Convention; therefore outside the circle of landowners. However, even if the practice changes, the procedure of legal protection against PIA before the CPVO, as regulated by the ZUstS, is not conventionally appropriate for other reasons, which is why I believe that the basis and regulation of the administrative dispute established by ZUreP-2 should be strengthened. Some shortcomings have already been eliminated by ZUReP-3, while others - especially in relation to "judicial action" until the adoption of the new PIA and the role of spatial planning authorities - remain for future upgrades. A range of different administrative decisions, which are the basis of environmental intervention, emerge from the presentation of permitting environmental interventions. The Slovenian Judicial Protection against these decisions has already undergone changes in the understanding of the legal interest, but further development is expected regarding the possibility of enforcing regulations intended (also) to protect health and / or establish a certain quality of the environment. The practice of the Court of Justice of the EU strongly interferes with the established administrative dispute with the position on the (in) admissibility of preclusion in proceedings against authorizations for interference from Article 6 of the Convention. As a new balance will need to be struck in these procedures, some solutions are proposed - also in the direction of preventing abuse of rights. Therefore, in regulating the adoption and judicial review of environmentally relevant decisions, it would be advisable to strive for a special procedural law; probably including lay judges of technical and natural sciences.

• Keywords: Aarhus Convention, environmental decision, decision on environmental activity, decision on activity of encroachment in or on land, spatial planning act, constitutional initiative, administrative dispute, environmental protection, public concerne