Analiza vpliva priključitve malih sončnih elektrarn na nizkonapetostno omrežje s pomočjo QGIS – KN3 programskega orodja

JANEŽIČ, ANŽE (author), Čepin, Marko (mentor)

V magistrskem delu je predstavljena analiza za priključitev malih fotovoltaičnih elektrarn na nizkonapetostnem omrežju. V delu je najprej predstavljena osnovna problematika priključevanja razpršenih virov na distribucijski sistem. V nadaljevanju je nekaj besed namenjenih razpršenim virom energije, kjer je poudarek na malih fotovoltaičnih elektrarnah. Predstavljen je pomen samooskrbe, trenutno veljavna uredba o samooskrbi z električno energijo iz obnovljivih virov, osnove distribucijskega sistema in standard SIST EN 50160. Sledi opis informacijskega sistema PIS ELJ, aplikacije z bazo meritev iz naprednih števcev in programskega orodja QGIS – KN3. V jedru magistrskega dela sta podrobneje predstavljena izračun in uporaba vseh orodij pri analizi za priključevanje malih fotovoltaičnih elektrarn, kjer so izračuni prikazani na konkretnih primerih iz prakse. Izračuni so primerjani z meritvami pred in po priključitvi malih fotovoltaičnih elektrarn, pri čemer sta dokazana pravilnost rezultatov in dejanski vpliv na napetostne razmere. Predstavljen je tudi primer izračuna vpliva priključitve sončnih elektrarn na omrežju, ki je obravnavano kot zmogljivejše, in na omrežju, ki zaradi šibkosti in slabih električnih razmer priključevanja fotovoltaičnih elektrarn ne omogoča. Rezultati so pokazali, da izračun v programu podaja pravilne rezultate in da je medsebojen vpliv priključenih sončnih elektrarn, ki ga program izračuna, primerljiv z realnim stanjem na omrežju. Na uporabljenih meritvah naprednih števcev uporabnikov se dvigi napetosti, ki jih povzročajo priključene fotovoltaične elektrarne, izražajo z izrazitimi lokalnimi porasti napetosti. Na primeru šibkega omrežja je bilo ugotovljeno, da navkljub majhnemu vplivu, ki bi ga povzročila nova elektrarna, zaradi visoke obstoječe napetosti priključevanje fotovoltaičnih elektrarn ni mogoče.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: mala fotovoltaična elektrarna (mFE), nizkonapetostno omrežje, samooskrba, programsko orodje QGIS – KN3
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: FE - Faculty of Electrical Engineering
• Year: 2023
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-144998
• COBISS.SI-ID: 149412355
• Publication date in RUL: 29.03.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Analysis of the impact of connecting small solar power plants to the low-voltage grid using the QGIS - KN3 software tool

Abstract

The master's thesis presents an analysis for the connection of small photovoltaic power plants to the low-voltage network. The assignment first presents the basic issue of connecting scattered sources to the distribution system. In the following, a few words are dedicated to distributed energy sources, where the emphasis is on small photovoltaic power plants. The importance of self-supply, the currently valid regulation on self-supply of electricity from renewable sources, the basics of the distribution system and the SIST EN 50160 standard are also presented. This is followed by a description of the PIS ELJ information system, applications with a database of measurements from advanced meters, and the software tool QGIS - KN3. In the central part of the thesis, the calculation and use of all tools in the analysis for the connection of small photovoltaic power plants are presented in more detail, where the calculations are shown on examples from practice. The calculations are compared with measurements before and after the connection of small photovoltaic power plants, where the correctness of the results and the actual influence on the voltage conditions are proven. An example of calculating the impact of connecting solar power plants to a stronger network and to a network that does not allow the connection of photovoltaic power plants due to weakness and poor electrical conditions is also presented. The results show that the calculation in the program gives correct results, and that the mutual influence of the connected solar power plants calculated by the program is comparable to the realistic situation on the network. In advanced user meters measurements, the voltage rises caused by the connected mFEs are expressed by pronounced local voltage rises. Despite the small impact of the new power plant, the connection of photovoltaic power plants to the weak grid is not possible due to the high existing voltage.

• Keywords: Small Photovoltaic Plant (mFE), Low Voltage Network, Self-sustainability, QGIS – KN3 Software Tool