Zdravljenje skolioze s korekcijsko spinalno ortozo: opis primera : diplomsko delo

Korošec, Nika (author), Lampe, Tomaž (mentor), Udovčić Pertot, Anja (comentor), Pisek, Marko (comentor), Levec, Tina (reviewer)

Uvod: Skoliozo opredelimo kot tridimenzionalno torzijsko deformacijo hrbtenice in trupa, ki povzroči stransko ukrivljenost v frontalni ravnini, aksialno rotacijo v transverzalni ravnini in spremembe v sagitalnem profilu hrbtenice. Če se ne zdravi, lahko povzroči hude deformacije trupa, ki omejujejo zmogljivost in funkcionalno biomehaniko prsnega koša,vadbene zmogljivosti, splošno kondicijo, sposobnost za delo in vse dejavnike, ki so povezani s kakovostjo življenja. Spinalne ortoze razbremenijo asimetrično obremenitev hrbtenice ter preprečujejo asimetrično rast z ukrivljenjem in napredovanje deformacije. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je predstaviti skoliozo in njeno zdravljenje. Cilj diplomskega dela je predstavitev korekcijske spinalne ortoze, biomehanske karakteristike,učinkovitosti ter izdelavo le-te. Metode dela: Diplomsko delo smo napisali na podlagi pregleda strokovne literature, ki je zajemalo postopke izdelave ortoze, po katerih smo izdelali ortozo. V diplomskem delu je tudi zajet praktični primer. Opisali smo postopke odvzema mer, obdelave modela, izdelave korekcijske spinalne ortoze, preizkusa ortoze, končne izdelave in prevzema, ki je bil narejen na podlagi opazovanja ortotika in protetika pri delu. Učinkovitost ortoze smo preverili na podlagi RTG posnetkov in izmere Cobbovega kota ter izmere, opravljene s skoliometrom pred in ob uporabi ortoze. Rezultati: Po enem mesecu nošenja ortoze po 16-20 ur na dan smo prišli do željenega uspeha. Začetna izmera Cobbovega kota je bila 26°, druga izmera pa 8°. Meritev s skoliometrom je bila na začetku 7°, druga meritev pa 0°. Za dolgoročni uspeh je potrebno ortozo nositi čim več, saj mora hrbtenica v popravljenem položaju ostati do konca rasti. Razprava in zaključek: Z izdelavo ortoze smo dosegli željen rezultat. Na podlagi rezultatov lahko zaključimo, da je zdravljenje skolioze s korekcijsko spinalno ortozo ustrezno.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, ortotika in protetika, skolioza, zdravljenje, konzervativno zdravljenje, ortoze, Chêneau Rigo ortoza
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [N. Korošec]
• Year: 2022
• Number of pages: 30 str., [1] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-144479
• UDC: 617.3
• COBISS.SI-ID: 142930691
• Publication date in RUL: 24.02.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Treatment of scoliosis with corrective spinal orthosis: case report : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Scoliosis is defined as three-dimensional torsional deformity of spine and trunk, which causes a lateral curvature in the frontal plane, an axial rotation in transversal plane and changes in the sagittal profile of the spine. If left untreated can cause severe trunk deformities, which limit the capacity and functional biomechanics of the chest, exercise capacity, general fitness and ability to work, all factors related with impairment on quality of life. Spinal braces relieve asymmetric loading in the spine and prevent asymetricc growth and progression of the deformity. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to present scoliosis and treatment. The aim of the diploma work is to present corrective spinal orthosis, biomechanical characteristics, efficiency and manufacturing. Methods:The diploma work was written on the basis of a review of professional literature, which included the procedures for manufacturing an orthosis, after which we manufacture an orthosis. The diploma thesis also includes case report. We have described the procedures of taking the measures, manufacturing a corrective spinal orthosis, checking orthosis, final fabrication and acceptance, which was made on the basis of observation of orthotics and prosthetics at work. The effectiveness of the orthosis was checked on the basis of X-rays and measurements of the Cobb angle and measurements made with a scoliometer before and when using an orthosis. Results: After one month of wearing the orthosis for 16-20 hours a day, we achieved the disired success. The initial measurement of the Cobb angle was 26° and the second measurement was 8°. The scoliometer measurement was initialy 7°and the second measurement was 0°. For long-term success, it is necessary to wear orthosis as much as possible, since the spine must remain in corrected position untill the end of growth. Discussion and conclusion: With manufacturing orthosis we achieved the desired result. Based on the results, it can be concluded that treatment of scoliosis with corrective spinal orthosis in appropriate.

• Keywords: diploma theses, orthotics and prosthetics, scoliosis, treatment, conservative treatment, orthoses, Chêneau Rigo orthosis