The aim of the master's thesis is to investigate the banality of evil, the theory of "new" evil first presented by Hannah Arendt in her report on the trial of Adolf Eichmann in Jerusalem. The central figure of the master's thesis is therefore Adolf Eichmann, who has become a model example of a man of bureaucracy, a banal man who bears no responsibility. I compare the phenomenon of banal evil at Eichmann in my master's thesis with one of the heroes in Kafka's works, Josef K. from the novel The Trial. The freedom of thought is something that is a prerequisite for combating "banal evil", which has no roots as a radical evil, but appears as a "fungus" that grows wild and uncontrollable, but on the surface and not in the depths. The terms for the birth of banal evil are related to the inability to think, the "evil of non-thinking" within the framework of the non-free totalitarian organization of society. The evil of non-thinking can be a phrase that adequately replaces the phrase "banality of evil". To this end, I include in my master's thesis the philosophy of Jaspers and Kant, whose theories of understanding and judgment are conditioned by the freedom of man and thus the freedom of thought. In the last part of the master's thesis, I discuss the deliberate establishment of circumstances that give birth to evil through totalitarian organizations, which Hannah Arendt deals with in the work The Origins of Totalitarianism. In her work, Hannah Arendt dismantles totalitarian regime on all the elements that make it up, which is why I work on the function of lying in politics at the end of my master's thesis.
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