Vpliv pouka na znanje in stališča četrtošolcev do čmrljev

Jeraj Bezovšek, Maja (author), Torkar, Gregor (mentor), Bevk, Danilo (co-mentor)

Čmrlji so skupina živali, s katerimi se ljudje pogosto srečujemo, a o njih ne vemo prav veliko. Čmrlji se v zadnjih desetletjih srečujejo z mnogoterimi težavami, ki v veliki meri izhajajo iz zmanjševanja pestrosti vrst, kar pa ima vpliv tako na ostale rastlinske in živalske vrste kot tudi na naravno pestrost. Prvo srečanje s čmrlji mnogi doživijo že v zgodnjem otroštvu, ko jih srečajo v pesmicah, pravljicah, v risankah, v obliki plišastih živali in okrasnih materialih. Otroci si o njih tako ustvarijo določene predstave, nekatere med njimi so lahko tudi napačne. Prav tako na podlagi izkušenj ter srečanj v socialnem okolju razvijejo stališča do teh živali, ki so lahko včasih napačna. S približevanjem čmrljem otrokom ter podajanju informacij o njih, tako da jih implementiramo v formalno izobraževanje, v katerem učenci samostojno gradijo svoje znanje, lahko vplivamo na njihovo znanje o čmrljih ter na njihova stališča do čmrljev. Z raziskavo smo želeli dobiti vpogled v znanje četrtošolcev o čmrljih ter v njihova stališča do čmrljev. Zanimalo nas je, katere so najpogostejše asociacije otrok ob besedi čmrlj, kako opisujejo njih in njihovo življenje, ali se pojavljajo morebitne napačne predstave, in če se, katere so, kakšna so njihova stališča do čmrljev kot opraševalcev in njihovega varstva ter navsezadnje, kako izkustveno učenje v obliki naravoslovnega dne vpliva na njihovo znanje in stališča do čmrljev. Raziskavo smo izvedli na vzorcu 22 učencev, ki so v šolskem letu 2021/22 obiskovali četrti razred na eni od slovenskih osnovnih šol Savinjske regije. Rezultate smo pridobili s pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika in delno strukturiranega nestandardiziranega intervjuja. Podatke smo obdelali in kvalitativno ter kvantitativno analizirali. Raziskava je pokazala, da imajo učenci osnovno znanje o čmrljih in njihovem življenju, da se ob tem pojavljajo določene napačne predstave, da imajo učenci večinoma pozitivna stališča do čmrljev kot opraševalcev in njihovega ohranjanja ter da je izkustveno učenje v obliki naravoslovnega dne v večini pripomoglo k izboljšanju znanja o čmrljih ter izboljšanju stališč do njih.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: čmrlji
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: PEF - Faculty of Education
• Year: 2022
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-142197
• COBISS.SI-ID: 126682115
• Publication date in RUL: 27.10.2022

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Impact of classroom instruction on fourth graders' knowledge and attitudes towards bumblebees

Abstract

People often encounter bumblebees and yet don't know much about them. Bumblebees have faced many problems in recent decades, too many of which have resulted in decline in species diversity, with other negative impacts on flora and fauna as well as on natural diversity. Many people have their first interactions with bumblebees in an early age, when they encounter them in songs, fairy tales, cartoons, toys and decorative materials. These encounters give children certain concepts about bumblebees, some of which may be wrong, misconceptions. Children also develop positive or negative attitudes towards animals, based on their experiences and interactions in social settings. By familiarising children with bumblebees and providing information about them, by implementing it in formal education where students build their knowledge independently, their knowledge about and attitudes towards bumblebees can be influenced. The aim of this study was to provide information concerning student attitudes towards and knowledge of bumblebees. We surveyed 22 Slovene primary school students between 9 and 10 years of age. We gathered information by questionary with closed and open questions, the questionary also included drawing and species identification tasks. The data was quantitatively and qualitatively analysed. Knowledge increased with higher grades but only with a small effect size. The attitude of students towards bumblebees was generally positive; however, this positivity declined with increasing grade of the participants. This correlation also had a small effect size. Our results are discussed, with a particular focus on future educational demand. The results indicate basic knowledge of bumblebees accompanied by several misconceptions. The attitudes of students towards bumblebees as pollinators and their conservation were generally positive. Experiential learning carried out in several hours of activities in which students participated turned out to have had positive effects on students' knowledge of and attitudes towards bumblebees.

• Keywords: bumblebees