Kmetijstvo in kmetijska politika v Severni Makedoniji

Pocevska, Ina (author), Erjavec, Emil (mentor)

Kmetijstvo je pomembna gospodarska panoga Severne Makedonije, ki je kandidatka za članstvo v Evropski uniji. Kmetijstvo vključuje 16 % delovno aktivnega prebivalstva in prispeva 10,7 % bruto domačega proizvoda. V kmetijstvu prevladujejo manjše družinske kmetije, saj je 60,8 % kmetijskih zemljišč manjših od 1 ha. Poleg tega, značilna je tudi močna razdrobljenost parcele. Severna Makedonija je neto uvoznica agroživilskih izdelkov in se nenehno sooča z negativno trgovinsko bilanco, ima pa tudi nekaj izrazitih izvoznih izdelkov kot so vino, tobak, in zelenjava. Cilj kmetijske politike je izboljšati konkurenčnost kmetijskega sektorja in agroživilske industrije ter pospešiti razvoj podeželja in dolgoročno gospodarjenje z naravnimi viri. Značilen del kmetijske podpore, ki jo izvaja Severna Makedonija, so neposredna plačila vezana na proizvodnjo v različnih oblikah. Makedonska kmetijska politika se bistveno razlikuje po obsegu podpore in vrsti ukrepov v primerjavi s skupno kmetijsko politiko EU. Pravni okvir države je večinoma usklajen s pravnim redom EU, čeprav obstaja potreba po nadaljnjem usklajevanju politik.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Kmetijstvo, kmetijska politika, Severna Makedonija
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Year: 2022
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-140970
• COBISS.SI-ID: 125885699
• Publication date in RUL: 22.09.2022

POCEVSKA, Ina, 2022, Kmetijstvo in kmetijska politika v Severni Makedoniji [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. [Accessed 15 March 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=140970

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Agriculture and agricultural policy in North Macedonia

Abstract

Agriculture is an important economic sector of North Macedonia, a candidate for membership in the European Union. Agriculture includes 16 % of the working population and contributes 10.7 % of the GDP. Agriculture is dominated by small family farms, whereas 60.8 % of them are smaller than 1 ha and are substantially fragmented. Unfortunately, North Macedonia is a net importer of agri-food products and constantly faces a negative trade balance, in spite of the fact that it has some prominent export products like wine, tobacco, and vegetables. The goal of the agricultural policy is to improve the competitiveness of the agricultural sector and the agri-food industry, as well as to develop the countryside and the long-term management of natural resources. A characteristic part of the agricultural support implemented by North Macedonia is direct payments tied to production in various forms. Macedonian agricultural policy differs significantly with respect to the scope of support and types of measures used by the EU's common agricultural policy. The country's legal framework is largely aligned with the EU acquis, although there is a need for further policy alignment.

• Keywords: Agriculture, agricultural policy, North Macedonia