The diploma thesis explains the problem of wastewater pollution as a result of the ever-expanding population and economic growth. It describes the basic wastewater treatment methods in municipal wastewater treatment plants, the by-product of which is also sewage sludge. The amount of excess sewage sludge is increasing and poses a serious threat to the environment, especially due to the high content of toxic elements. Therefore, the thesis outlines the posing issue of sewage sludge in Slovenia and the legislation of the Republic of Slovenia in the field of sewage sludge treatment from wastewater treatment plants. It includes a summary of established and novel chemical, biological and thermal methods for the elimination of toxic elements in sewage sludge. The research results indicate that the combination of several methods is most effective in stabilizing and removing potentially toxic elements in sewage sludge. Further research focusing on the inclusion of new methods and their optimization is absolutely necessary.
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