Učinki vadbe joge pri pacientih s sindromom fibromialgije - pregled literature : diplomsko delo

Ileršič, Ana (author), Jakovljević, Miroljub (mentor), Petrič, Maja (co-mentor), Hlebš, Sonja (reviewer)

Uvod: Fibromialgija je druga najpogostejša revmatična bolezen, za katero je značilna razpršena mišično-kostna bolečina. Ta se lahko sočasno pojavlja s sistemskimi simptomi utrujenosti, motenj spanja, depresije, tesnobnosti in motenj spoznavnosti. Zaradi raznolikosti simptomov, zdravljenje poteka multidisciplinarno in multimodalno ter je usmerjeno v lajšanje simptomov, ohranjanje z gibanjem povezane funkcije ter izboljšanje kakovosti življenja. Priporočajo, da se zdravljenje začne z nefarmakološkimi pristopi, katerih del so tudi meditativne gibalne vaje. Joga je starodavna indijska duhovna disciplina, katere cilj je, s pomočjo asan (telesnih položajev), pranajam (tehnik dihanja) in dhjane (meditacije), doseči povezanost telesa, diha in uma. Prilagojena je vsem starostnim skupinam in telesnim sposobnostim posameznika. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil s pregledom literature opredeliti, kakšni so učinki vadbe joge na bolečino, utrujenost, spanje, kakovost življenja ter depresijo in tesnobnost pri pacientih s fibromialgijo. Metode dela: Opravljen je bil pregled literature z uporabljeno opisno metodo. Iskanje literature je potekalo do oktobra 2021 v elektronski podatkovni zbirki PubMed z izbranima ključnima besedama »yoga« in »fibromyalgia« in postavljenimi merili. Ocenjevanje kakovosti člankov je bilo izvedeno s pomočjo PEDro lestvice. Rezultati: V pregled literature je bilo vključenih šest raziskav. V štirih raziskavah so poleg poskusne vključili tudi primerjalno skupino. V drugih dveh so vključili samo poskusno skupino. V vseh raziskavah so poročali o pozitivnih spremembah ocenjevanih simptomov (bolečina, utrujenost, kakovost življenja, depresija in tesnobnost), vendar o večji učinkovitosti vadbe joge ni mogoče govoriti, saj je bilo premalo statistično in klinično značilnih rezultatov. Razprava in zaključek: Ugotovljeno je bilo, da je pri pacientih s fibromialgijo v zvezi z učinki joge izvedenih malo randomiziranih nadzorovanih raziskav. Majhno število statistično značilnih rezultatov bi lahko odražalo omejitve, ki so bile zaznane med pregledom literature in vključujejo izbiro raznolikih vrst joge, majhno število preiskovancev, odsotnost moških preiskovancev ter vključitev pilotnih raziskav. V prihodnje bi bilo treba izvesti več kakovostnih raziskav z večjim vzorcem preiskovancev in vključenostjo moških preiskovancev, v katerih bi raziskovali dolgoročne učinke vadbe joge in potencialne mehanizme učinkov joge pri pacientih s fibromialgijo.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, fibromialgija, nefarmakološko zdravljenje, joga
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [A. Ileršič]
• Year: 2022
• Number of pages: 29 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-139953
• UDC: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 120825347
• Publication date in RUL: 09.09.2022

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Effects of yoga exercise in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome - literature review : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Fibromyalgia is the second most common rheumatic disease characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain. These may be accompanied by systemic symptoms such as fatigue, sleep disturbances, depression, anxiety and cognitive impairment. Because of the variety of symptoms, treatment is multidisciplinary and multimodal and aims to relieve symptoms preserve movement-related functions and improve the quality of life. It is recommended to start treatment with non-pharmacological approaches that include meditative movement therapies. Yoga is an ancient Indian spiritual discipline that aims to connect body, breath and mind through asanas (postures), pranayama (breathing techniques) and dhyana (meditation). It is suitable for all ages and abilities. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to review the literature on the effects of yoga on pain, fatigue, sleep, quality of life, depression and anxiety in patients with fibromyalgia. Methods: A review of the literature using the descriptive method was performed. The literature search was conducted until October 2021 in the electronic database PubMed with selected keywords »yoga« and »fibromyalgia« and set criteria. Quality evaluation of the articles was performed with PEDro scale. Results: Six studies were included in the literature review. In four studies, comparison groups were included in addition to the intervention group. In the other two, only intervention groups were included. Positive changes in the assessed symptoms (pain, fatigue, sleep, quality of life, depression and anxiety) were reported in all studies, but few of these were statistically significant, which couldn't indicate greater effectiveness of yoga practice. Discussion and conclusion: Few randomized controlled trials have been conducted in patients with fibromyalgia regarding the effects of yoga. Small number of statistically significant results could reflect the limitations identified during the literature review and these include the choice of diverse types of yoga, small number of subjects, absence of male subjects and inclusion of pilot studies. In the future, more qualitative research should be conducted with a larger sample of subjects, the involvement of male subjects, in which they would investigate long-term effects of yoga practice and potential mechanisms of yoga practice effects in patients with fibromyalgia.

• Keywords: diploma theses, physiotherapy, fibromyalgia, nonpharmacological treatment, yoga