Uporaba 3D tiskalnika za izdelavo zapestne ortoze za oskrbo zloma koželjnice : diplomsko delo

Potrč, Blaž (author), Lampe, Tomaž (mentor), Pavlović, Monika (comentor), Fošnarič, Miha (reviewer)

Uvod: Zlom distalnega dela koželjnice je eden najpogostejših vrst zlomov. Oskrba največkrat vključuje mavčne povoje, vendar se uporabljajo tudi razne opornice in sintetični materiali za imobilizacijo. Z razvojem tehnologije so se pojavili novi načini imobilizacije. Eden izmed perspektivnih načinov je uporaba tridimenzionalne tehnologije. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je s pomočjo tridimenzionalne tehnologije izdelati zapestne ortoze za oskrbo zloma distalnega dela koželjnice. Nadalje želimo preveriti toplotno prevodnost tiskanih ortoz in jo primerjati s prevodnostjo mavčnih ortoz, hkrati pa bomo izmerili in prirmerjali tudi njihovo trdnost. Metode dela: Najprej smo uporabili postopek tridimenzionalne digitalizacije in s pomočjo optičnega skenerja odvzeli model roke ter tako pridobili digitalno obliko. V naslednji fazi smo se osredotočili na računalniško obdelavo pridobljenega modela. Na koncu smo še natisnili model s pomočjo tridimenzionalnega tiskalnika. Sledile so meritve trdnosti z durometrom in meritve toplotne prevodnosti s toplotno kamero. Rezultati: Izdelali pet ortoz (štiri s pomočjo tridimenzionalne tehnologije in eno iz mavca). Dve ortozi sta bili namenjeni za žensko osebo, ostale tri pa za moškega. Proces skeniranja je pri obeh trajal približno 90 sekund, čas modeliranja pa 30 minut. Pri moškem modelu je tisk trajal 3 ure več kot pri ženskem, porabljenega je bilo 80 gramov materiala, 20 gramov več kot za ženskega. Pri testiranju toplotne prevodnosti smo smo med seboj primerjali ortoze in ugotovili, da se je najvišja temperatura pojavila pri goli roki brez ortoze, sledila je tridimenzionalno natisnjena ortoza, medtem ko smo najnižjo temperaturo izmerili pri ortozi iz mavca. Meritve trdnosti so pokazale primerljive rezultate v primeru tiskane ter mavčne ortoze. Razprava in zaključek: Ortoza izdelana s pomočjo tridimenzionalnega tiskalnika, bolje prevaja toploto kot klasični mavec. Ugotovili smo, da je občutek toplote na koži večji pri ortozi, narejeni iz mavca, kakor pri tiskani ortozi. Dokazali smo, da ima tiskana ortoza primerljivo trdnost v primerjavi z ortozo narejeno iz mavca.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, ortotika in protetika, 3D tehnologija, 3D modeliranje, ortoza za zgornji ud
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [B. Potrč]
• Year: 2022
• Number of pages: 34 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-139952
• UDC: 617.3
• COBISS.SI-ID: 120835587
• Publication date in RUL: 09.09.2022

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The use of 3D printer to make an wrist orthosis to treat radius fracture : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Fracture of the distal part of the radius is one of the most common types of fractures. Treatment most often includes plaster casts as well as splints and synthetic immobilization materials. With the development of technology, new methods of immobilization have appeared. One of the prospective ways is the use of three-dimensional technology. Purpose: The purpose of this diploma work is to produce wrist orthoses for the treatment of fractures of the distal part of the radius with the help of three-dimensional technology. Furthermore, we want to measure the thermal conductivity of the printed orthoses and compare it with the conductivity of plaster orthoses. At the same time, their hardness will be measured and compared. Methods: We used an optical scanner to get a model of the hand in a digital form, following the computer processing of the model obtained. The model was then printed using the three-dimensional printer. Next, hardness measurements with a durometer and thermal conductivity measurements with a thermal camera were performed. Results: We have produced five orthoses (four of which with the help of three-dimensional technology and one out of plaster) - two orthoses for women, and the other three for men. The scanning process took about 90 seconds for both genders, while the modelling took 30 minutes. Printing of the male model took 3 hours more than for the female model, 80 grams of material was used, i.e., 20 grams more than for female model. When testing thermal conductivity, we compared orthoses and established, that the highest temperature occurred in the bare hand without orthosis, followed by a three-dimensional printed orthosis, while the lowest temperature was measured in a plaster orthosis. Hardness measurements showed comparable results in the case of printed orthosis and plaster orthosis. Discussion and conclusion: Orthosis made with help of three-dimensional printer conducts heat better than plaster. We established that the sensation of heat on the skin is greater with an orthosis made of plaster than with a printed orthosis. We have proven that the printed orthosis has similar hardness in comparison to the plaster orthosis.

• Keywords: diploma theses, orthotics and prosthetics, 3D technology, 3D modeling, upper limb orthosis