Effects of central nervous system drugs on androgen, estrogen α, glucocorticoid, and thyroid receptors

Kenda, Maša (author), Zore, Taja (author), Sollner Dolenc, Marija (author)

Some drugs that act on the central nervous system (CNS) are known to affect the endocrine system, although the mechanisms of endocrine toxicity are not well characterized to date. Such CNS drugs include antipsychotics, anticonvulsants, and antidepressants. In the present study, in-vitro firefly luciferase reporter-gene assays using the AR-EcoScreen assay using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line, hERα-HeLa9903, MDA-kb2, and GH3.TRE-Luc cell lines were used to determine the effects of nine CNS drugs on the androgen receptor, estrogen receptor α, glucocorticoid receptor, and thyroid hormone receptor, respectively. In the AR-EcoScreen assay using CHO cells, anti-androgenic activities were shown for carbamazepine (IC$_{50}$, 167 μM), clonazepam (IC$_{50}$, 26.7 μM), eslicarbazepine acetate (IC$_{50}$, 375 μM), fluoxetine (at 25 μM), lorazepam (IC$_{50}$, 16.4 μM), and sertraline (IC$_{50}$, 8.7 μM). In the hERα-HeLa-9903 cells, estrogen receptor α agonistic activities were shown for fluoxetine, paroxetine, and sertraline (at 10 μM and 25 μM), and in the GH3.TRE-Luc cells, the same three CNS drugs showed antithyroid activities (IC$_{50}$s, 11.6, 11.9, 2.7 μM, respectively). In the hERα-HeLa-9903 cells, estrogen receptor α antagonistic activities were shown for carbamazepine (IC$_{50}$, 114.3 μM), clonazepam (IC$_{50}$, 52.9 μM), and eslicarbazepine acetate (IC$_{50}$, 376.6 μM). When the CNS drugs were tested in the MDA-kb2 cells, none of them showed any activities toward glucocorticoid receptors. Little to no effects were seen toward any of these nuclear receptors for paliperidone and risperidone. The increased signal in the estrogen receptor α agonism assay seen for fluoxetine and paroxetine was confirmed to be mediated through estrogen receptor α. Additionally, we examined the interference of these CNS drugs with the firefly luciferase enzyme. These data elucidate the potential for adverse endocrine effects for some of these CNS drugs, which should therefore contribute to informed choice when prescribing them. However, long-term exposure to therapeutic concentrations of CNS drugs that have activities on the endocrine system should be explored further also in vivo.

• Language: English
• Keywords: central nervous system drugs, hormonal effects, endocrine toxicity, nuclear receptors, reporter-gene assays
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
• Organization: FFA - Faculty of Pharmacy
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2022
• Number of pages: 8 str.
• Numbering: Vol. 363, art. 110030
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-139687
• UDC: 612.43:620.266.1
• ISSN on article: 0009-2797
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110030
• COBISS.SI-ID: 112819203
• Publication date in RUL: 06.09.2022

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Chemico-biological interactions
• Shortened title: Chem.-biol. interact.
• Publisher: Elsevier
• ISSN: 0009-2797
• COBISS.SI-ID: 1720335

Licences

• License: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
• Description: The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.

Secondary language

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: zdravila za osrednji živčni sistem, hormonski učinki, endokrina toksičnost, jedrski receptorji, testi reporterskega gena, hormonski motilci, endokrinologija

Projects

• Funder: ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
• Funding programme: Young researchers

• Funder: ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
• Project number: P1-0208
• Name: Farmacevtska kemija: načrtovanje, sinteza in vrednotenje učinkovin