Učinki proprioceptivne vadbe na kronično nestabilnost gležnja - pregled literature : diplomsko delo

Jezeršek, Polona (author), Hiti, Nina (mentor), Brezovar, Tjaž (co-mentor), Kacin, Alan (reviewer)

Uvod: Kronična nestabilnost gležnja je patološko stanje za katerega je značilen občutek nestabilnosti, ponavljajoči zvini gležnja in epizode zvračanja gležnja, kar lahko vodi v kronične simptome, kot so prisotnost bolečine, spremenjen obseg gibljivosti, šibkost mišic skočnega sklepa in slabše ravnotežje. Pri obravnavi oseb s kronično nestabilnostjo gležnja se priporoča vadba s poudarkom na izzivanju proprioceptivne zaznave, ki zajema več različnih vrst vadbe, in sicer pliometrično ter v ravnotežje in koordinacijo usmerjeno vadbo. Namen: Namen je bil na podlagi pregleda strokovne in znanstvene literature predstaviti in analizirati učinke proprioceptivne vadbe za ravnotežje pri osebah s kronično nestabilnostjo gležnja. Metode dela: Iskanje strokovne in znanstvene literature je potekalo v podatkovni zbirki PubMed. Uporabljene so bile naslednje ključne besede v angleškem jeziku v različnih kombinacijah: proprioception, chronic ankle instability, proprioceptive exercises. Rezultati: V pregled literature je bilo vključenih sedem randomiziranih kontroliranih raziskav, ki so preučevale učinke proprioceptivne vadbe na kronično nestabilnost gležnja, objavljenih med letoma 2015 in 2022. V vseh izbranih raziskavah so ugotovili pozitivne učinke proprioceptivne vadbe na kronično nestabilnost gležnja. Izboljšalo se je statično in dinamično ravnotežje, uravnavanje drže, mišična zmogljivost mišic skočnega sklepa, zmanjšal se je občutek nestabilnosti v gležnju, povečal se je obseg dorzalne fleksije ter prišlo je do napredka v funkcijski zmogljivosti. Ob primerjavi proprioceptivne vadbe in vadbe za krepitev mišic skočnega sklepa, je prišlo do razlik v učinkih med raziskavami. Proprioceptivna vadba ni vplivala na zaznavanje bolečine. Razprava in zaključek: Rezultati kažejo, da je proprioceptivna vadba učinkovita intervencija pri obravnavi oseb s kronično nestabilnostjo gležnja. Priporočljivo bi bilo, da se v fizioterapevtski program vključi proprioceptivno vadbo v kombinaciji z vadbo za krepitev mišic skočnega sklepa, kar še dodatno izboljša učinkovitost vadbenega programa. V prihodnje bi bilo potrebno raziskati dolgoročne učinke vadbe in katere proprioceptivne vaje so najbolj primerne glede na resnost stanja, pričakovanja in telesno dejavnost oseb s kronično nestabilnostjo gležnja.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, lateralni zvin gležnja, kronična nestabilnost gležnja, propriocepcija, proprioceptivna vadba
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [P. Jezeršek]
• Year: 2022
• Number of pages: 29 str., [5] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-139397
• UDC: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 120079875
• Publication date in RUL: 02.09.2022

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The effect of proprioceptive exercise on chronic ankle instability - literature review : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic ankle instability is a pathological condition with characteristics of feeling of instability, recurrent ankle sprain and feeling of giving way, which can lead to long-term symptoms that include pain, reduced range of motion, weakness of ankle muscles and worse sense of balance. The treatment recommendation for those with chronic ankle instability includes training with enhanced proprioceptive sensations, which may include different types of training like plyometric, balance and coordination training. Purpose: The purpose of undergraduate thesis is to introduce and analyze the effects of proprioceptive training for balance on those with chronic ankle instability, based on a review of scientific literature. Methods: The literature search was performed in the PubMed database with the following English key words used in various combinations: proprioception, chronic ankle instability, proprioceptive exercises. Results: Seven randomized controlled trails that investigated the effect of proprioceptive training on chronic ankle instability, published between 2015 and 2022, were included in the literature review. All studies showed positive effect of proprioceptive training on chronic ankle instability. It enhanced the sense of static as well as dynamic balance, postural control, increased muscle capacity of ankle joint and range of motion of dorsal flexion, decreased the feeling of instability in ankle and improved functional performance. Comparing proprioceptive training group and strength training group showed different effects among studies. Proprioceptive training did not affect the feeling of pain. Discussion and conclusion: Research findings showed that proprioceptive training is an effective intervention to treat chronic ankle instability. It is recommended to include it in a comprehensive physiotherapeutic program alongside with strength exercise that further enhances its effectiveness. Future research may focus on long-term effects and determining the most suited proprioceptive exercise for those with chronic ankle instability based on severity of their condition, expectations and physical activity.

• Keywords: diploma theses, physiotherapy, lateral ankle sprain, chronic ankle instability, proprioception, proprioceptive training