Pomen vitamina E v prehrani rejnih živali

Štepic, Katja (author), Salobir, Janez (mentor)

Vitamin E je esencialen v maščobi topen vitamin, ki ima številne pomembne učinke na delovanje in splošno zdravje živali. V naravi poznamo več oblik vitamina E, najbolj aktiven in razširjen pa je α-tokoferol. Vitamin E je naravni antioksidant, ki ščiti živali pred oksidativnim stresom in s tem pred poškodbami molekul tkiv in organov, do katerih bi prišlo zaradi delovanja prostih radikalov. Pomanjkanje vitamina E se pri živalih kaže na različne načine, vsem pa je skupno, da se poslabša splošno zdravstveno stanje, apetit ter prireja. Dolgotrajno pomanjkanje lahko vodi do resnejših stanj, kot so na primer miopatije, nevrološke motnje in motnje v delovanju imunskega sistema. Potrebe po vitaminu E so pri živalih odvisne od vrste, stopnje razvoja oziroma vrste proizvodnje, starosti, okolja in drugih dejavnikov. Ker vitamin E v mesu, jajcih in mleku vpliva tudi na njihovo oksidativno stabilnost, je pri dodajanju vitamina E v prehrano živali potrebno upoštevati tudi vpliv na tehnološko kakovost živalskih proizvodov. Živila živalskega izvora so v prehrani ljudi pomemben vir vitamina E, zato povečanje njegove vsebnosti v živilih s pomočjo krmljenja primernih količin vitamina E izboljša tudi prehransko vrednost živil živalskega izvora. Najlažje je to mogoče doseči preko jajc, saj je prenos v jajčni rumenjak zelo učinkovit. Prav tako je vitamin E koristen kot dodatek sami krmi, saj preprečuje kvarjenje in ohranja strukturo, barvo, vonj in okus krme. Največ vitamina E se nahaja v zelenih delih krme ter kalčkih. Pri skladiščenju krme moramo biti zelo pozorni, saj se njegova vsebnost hitro zmanjšuje. V prihodnje bi bilo potrebno posvetiti še več pozornosti optimalni oskrbi živali z vitaminom E z vidika zdravja in proizvodnosti živali ter tehnološke kakovosti in prehranske vrednosti živil živalskega izvora.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: prehrana živali, vitamin E, pomen
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Year: 2022
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-139162
• COBISS.SI-ID: 120485123
• Publication date in RUL: 01.09.2022

ŠTEPIC, Katja, 2022, Pomen vitamina E v prehrani rejnih živali [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. [Accessed 26 April 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=139162

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Importance of vitamin E in the nutrition of farm animals

Abstract

Vitamin E is an essential fat-soluble vitamin that has many beneficial effects on the overall health of animals. In nature there are many forms of vitamin E, the most active and widespread is α-tocopherol. Vitamin E is a natural antioxidant that protects animals from oxidative stress and thus damage to tissues and organs that can result from exposure to free radicals. Vitamin E deficiency manifests itself in animals in a variety of ways, but what they all have in common is that it worsens the animal's overall health, decreases appetite and production. Prolonged deficiency can lead to more serious conditions such as myopathies, neurological disorders and immune system disorders. The dosage of vitamin E depends on the type of animal, breeding condition, age of the animal, environment and other factors. Since vitamin E in meat, eggs and milk also affects their oxidative stability, the effects on the technological quality of animal products must also be considered when supplementing vitamin E to animal feed. Thus, by supplementing vitamin E to animal feed, we could also enrich the human diet, especially through eggs, as the transfer through the yolk is very effective. Vitamin E is also useful as a supplement to the feed itself, as it prevents spoilage and preserves the structure, colour, smell and taste of the feed. Most vitamin E is found in the green parts of feed and sprouts. However, it is necessary to be very careful during storage, because its content decreases rapidly. In the future, even more attention should be paid to supplement the optimal amount of this vitamin E to achieve the best possible results in farm management.

• Keywords: animal nutrition, vitamin E, importance