Določitev neonikotinoidnih pesticidov v pivu

Malovrh, Monika (author), Prosen, Helena (mentor)

Povečana uporaba pesticidov je močno povečala pridelek in dvignila nivo kvalitete življenja. V diplomski nalogi sem se osredotočila na neonikotinoide, kateri veljajo za sistemske insekticide in delujejo kot agonisti nikotinskih acetilholinskih receptorjev. Za opazovano skupino analitov velja, da imajo visoko topnost v vodi, kar vodi do spiranja v vodotoke in posledično stalne prisotnosti v zemlji, prahu, podzemnih vodah, v netarčnih rastlinah in njihovih produktih. Posledično imajo lahko negativen vpliv na žive organizme, kar so pokazale tudi raziskave v zadnjih letih o vplivu neonikotinoidov na čebele. Danes so tako v slovenski bazi fitofarmacevtskih sredstev registriranih le še acetamiprid, flonikamid in imidakloprid. Uporaba ostalih iz te skupine je prepovedana. Namen dela je bila določitev prisotnosti petih neonikotinoidov (acetamiprid, klotianidin, imidakloprid, tiakloprid, tiametoksam) v pivu. V procesu priprave vzorca sem uporabila ekstrakcijo na trdno fazo, za analizo in separacijo analitov pa sem uporabila HPLC-DAD. Naključno sem za analizo izbrala pet piv, dostopnih na slovenskih trgovskih policah in iz različnih delov sveta. Rezultati analize piv so na podlagi povprečnih retencijskih časov sprva kazali na prisotnost manjše količine tiametoksama in klotianidina, vendar sem hipotezo o morebitni prisotnosti omenjenih neonikotinoidov zavrgla na podlagi razlik v absorpcijskih razmerjih vrhov v kromatogramih vzorcev od tistih v standardnih raztopinah. Med seboj so se razlikovali tudi spektri eluiranih spojin in standarda, kar je mojo odločitev še dodatno potrdilo. V analiziranih pivih torej nisem potrdila prisotnosti nobene od analiziranih spojin.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: neonikotinoidi, SPE, HPLC-DAD, pivo
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
• Year: 2022
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-138989
• COBISS.SI-ID: 120840195
• Publication date in RUL: 26.08.2022

MALOVRH, Monika, 2022, Določitev neonikotinoidnih pesticidov v pivu [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. [Accessed 13 June 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=138989

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Determination of neonicotinoid pesticides in beer

Abstract

Increased use of pesticides has greatly increased yields and raised the quality level of life. In my dissertation I have focused on neonicotinoids, which are considered systemic insecticides and act as agonists of nicotine acetylcholine receptors. The observed group of analytes is considered to have a high solubility in water, which leads to leaching into surface waters and consequently a constant presence in soil, dust, underground waters, non-target plants and their products. As a result, they can have a negative impact on living organisms, as shown by research in recent years on the impact of neonicotinoids on bees. Today, only acetamiprid, flonicamide and imidacloprid are registered in the Slovenian database of phytopharmaceutical products. The use of others from this group is prohibited. The aim of the work was to determine the presence of five neonicotinoids (acetamiprid, clothianidin, imidacloprid, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam) in beer. In the process of sample preparation, I used solid phase extraction and HPLC-DAD to analyze and separate the analytes. I randomly chose five beers available on Slovenian store shelves and from different parts of the world. Based on average retention times, the results of the analysis of beers initially indicated the presence of thiamethoxam and clothiadinin, but I rejected the hypothesis of the possible presence of these neonicotinoids based on differences in absorption ratios of peaks in the chromatograms of compounds and standard solutions. The spectra of the eluted compounds and the standard compounds also differed from each other, which further confirmed my decision. Therefore, the presence of analyzed compounds was not confirmed in the analysed beers.

• Keywords: neonicotinoids, SPE, HPLC-DAD, beer