Vpliv izbranih spremenljivk na hitrost in natančnost leta žoge pri nogometnem udarcu : magistrsko delo

Končar, Grega (author), Vučković, Goran (mentor), Pocrnjič, Marko (comentor)

Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti, kateri dejavniki vplivajo na hitrost in natančnost leta žoge pri nogometnem udarcu s sprednjim notranjim delom stopala poševno naprej. Meritve smo izvedli na vzorcu 16 nogometašev. V sklopu meritev smo izvedli izbrane antropometrične meritve (dolžina stegnenice, dolžina goleni, dolžina noge), meritve telesne sestave (delež maščobne in mišične mase), meritve izokinetične moči iztegovalk in upogibalk kolena (maksimalen izokinetičen navor in velikost prirastka izokinetičnega navora), meritve stabilnosti stoje na eni nogi, meritve hitrosti in natančnosti letov žoge in opisovanje tehnične izvedbe udarcev z nogo. Želeli smo preveriti, ali obstaja povezanost med preiskovanimi spremenljivkami in hitrostjo ter natančnostjo leta žoge, ter kolikšen delež hitrosti in natančnosti leta žoge lahko z njimi pojasnimo. S Pearsonovim korelacijskim koeficientom smo na ravni 1% tveganja ugotovili srednjo povezanost med spremenljivko hitrost udarca z največjo hitrostjo in maso preiskovancev (r = 0,677), velikost prirastka navora (VPN) pri iztegu kolena pri 60 °/s udarne noge (r = 0,630), VPN pri upogibu kolena pri 60 °/s udarne noge (r = 0,639) in VPN pri upogibu kolena pri 180 °/s udarne noge (r = 0,693). Prav tako smo srednjo povezanost ugotovili med hitrostjo natančnega udarca z največjo hitrostjo in VPN pri iztegu kolena pri 60 °/s udarne noge (r = 0,629) (p < 0,001). Na podlagi rezultatov multiple regresijske analize za hitrost udarca z največjo hitrostjo se kot najboljša napovedna spremenljivka hitrosti udarca izkaže VPN pri upogibu kolena pri 180 °/s z udarno nogo, ki pojasni 48 % variance. Rezultati največjega navora pri upogibu kolena pri 180 °/s z udarno nogo dodatno pojasnijo še 18,3 % variance. Opravili smo tudi multiplo regresijsko analiza hitrosti natančnega udarca z največjo hitrostjo. Kot najboljšo napovedno spremenljivko hitrosti udarca so se izkazali rezultati VPN pri iztegu kolena pri 60 °/s z udarno nogo, ki pojasnijo 39,6 % variance. Za izboljšanje hitrosti leta žoge po udarcu s SNDS poševno naprej je potrebno v proces treninga vključiti tudi vadbo za maksimalno in predvsem eksplozivno moč upogibalk kolena.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: nogometni udarec, hitrost, natančnost, gibalne sposobnosti
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FŠ - Faculty of Sport
• Year: 2022
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-138859
• COBISS.SI-ID: 120265987
• Publication date in RUL: 24.08.2022

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Effect of selected variables on speed and accuracy of ball flight in soccer kick

Abstract

The aim of the thesis was to discover which factors effect speed and accuracy of a ball flight in a soccer kick with front inside part of the foot. The research group included 16 soccer players. Our testing battery included anthropometric measurements (length of leg, femur and tibia), measurements of body composition (percentage of fat mass and muscle mass), knee extensors and knee flexors isokinetic strength measurements (maximal isokinetic torque and the size of growth of isokinetic torque), a single leg balance test, measurements of speed and accuracy of the ball flight and description of technical performance during soccer kicks. We wanted to discover the connection between investigated variables and speed and accuracy of the ball flight and after that find out what percentage of ball speed and accuracy can be explained with these variables. With the use of Pearson's correlation coefficient we found middle connections between dependent variable speed of the ball flight in soccer kick with an aim of reaching the highest speed of ball flight and body mass ((r = 0,677), size of growth of isokinetic torque for knee extensors of kicking leg at the speed of extension 60 °/s (r = 0,630), size of growth of isokinetic torque for knee flexors of kicking leg at the speed of flexion 60°/s (r = 0,639) and size of growth of isokinetic torque for knee flexors of kicking leg at the speed of flexion 180 °/s (r = 0,693) (all at p < 0,001). We also found the middle connection between dependent variable highest speed of ball flight in soccer kick with aim of reaching maximal accuracy of ball fligth and size of growth of isokinetic torque for knee extensors of kicking leg at the speed of extension 60 °/s (r = 0,629) (p < 0,001). Multiple regression analysis of dependent variable speed of ball flight in the soccer kick with the aim of reaching maximal speed of ball flight showed that the best predictor of ball flight speed is size of growth of isokinetic torque for knee flexors of kicking leg at the speed of flexion 180 °/s, which explains 48 % of variance. Results of maximal isokinetic torque of knee flexors at the speed of flexion 180 °/s additionally explains 18,3 % of variance. We also made multiple regression analysis of dependent variable speed of ball flight in the soccer kick with the aim of reaching maximal accuracy of ball flight and found out that the best predictor is size of growth of isokinetic torque for knee extensors of kicking leg at the speed of extension 60 °/s, which explains 39,6% of variance. To improve the speed of the ball after soccer kick with front inside part of the foot it is necessary to incorporate the maximal and explosive strength training of knee flexors into our training programme.

• Keywords: soccer kick, speed, accuracy, physical abilities