Krepitev socialne kohezivnosti v tekmovalni skupini ritmične gimnastike : magistrsko delo

Kondić, Sara (author), Gril, Alenka (mentor)

V magistrski nalogi predstavljam kvazi-naravni eksperiment s katerim sem krepila socialno kohezivnost in socialno sprejetost v tekmovalni skupini ritmične gimnastike. V teoretičnem uvodu naloge, sem sprva opredelila vpliv socialnega okolja na razvoj otrokovega socialnega vedenja. Nato sem predstavila značilnosti malih skupin, pri čemer sem se osredotočila na vrstniške skupine otrok in mladostnikov, ki so predstavljali mojo populacijo. V nadaljevanju sem se navezala na pomemben znotrajskupinski proces, to je socialno sprejetost, ki sem jo predstavila v odnosu s socialnim položajem članov skupine. Ker le socialna sprejetost ni dovolj za stabilno članstvo v skupini, sem definirala še socialno identiteto. Vsa navedena poglavja sem nato zaokrožila v temi kohezivnost skupine, ki sem jo povezala z doseganjem uspeha. V empiričnem delu sem podrobneje predstavila kvalitativno raziskavo, ki sem jo izvedla po kvazi-naravnem eksperimentalnem načrtu z dvema skupinama ritmičnih gimnastičark (starih okrog 10 let), eksperimentalno (ES) in kontrolno skupino (KS). V raziskavi me je zanimalo ali lahko z eksperimentalnim programom vplivam na večjo sprejetost članic ES ter okrepim kohezivnost skupine ter s tem vplivam na njihovo uspešnost. Pred in po izvedbi eksperimentalnega programa, ki je zajemal delavnice, izobraževanje in usmerjene treninge, sem aplicirala sociometrično preizkušnjo v ES in KS ter ocenila njuno uspešnost. Med usmerjenimi treningi sem izvajala opazovanje z udeležbo. Mesec dni po zaključku eksperimentalnega programa sem izvedla skupinsko refleksijo programa z ES. Rezultati so pokazali, da je v ES izločena članica po izvedenem programu bolje sprejeta v skupini ter socialno spretnejša. Znotraj skupine imajo članice pogosteje pozitivne interakcije in se v večji meri spodbujajo kot pred eksperimentom. Prav tako v skupini hitro rešujejo konflikte in vzdržujejo pozitivno socialno klimo. Njihova motivacija je v času eksperimenta narastla, saj so si vedno bolj prizadevale za uspeh skupine, kar je privedlo do njihovega napredka. Spremembe v kohezivnosti in uspešnosti ES so bile večje kot v KS, ki je bila v istem času deležna običajnih treningov. Z raziskavo sem tako dokazala, da se je s pomočjo eksperimentalnega programa v skupini okrepila kohezivnost ter socialna identiteta skupine, ki sta pozitivno vplivali na uspešnost članic skupine.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: skupina, socialna kohezivnost, uspešnost, socialna sprejetost, reševanje konfliktov, socialna identiteta, kvazi-naravni eksperiment
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FSD - Faculty of Social Work
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [S. Kondić]
• Year: 2022
• Number of pages: 199 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-138793
• UDC: 316.454-053.5/.6
• COBISS.SI-ID: 129781763
• Publication date in RUL: 18.08.2022

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Strengthening social cohesion in rhythmic gymnastics competition group

Abstract

In my master’s thesis I present a quasi-natural experiment with which I was strengthening social cohesion and social acceptance in a rhythmic gymnastics competitive group. In the theoretical introduction I define the impact of social environment on a child’s behavior development. Then, I define characteristics of small groups, where I focus on peer groups of children and adolescents who represent the population of my research. Further on I explain important intra-group process, that is social acceptance, which I present in relation to the social position of the group’s members. However, since social acceptance alone is not enough for a stable membership, I also define what social identity is. At the end I round up all the listed chapters in a topic of group cohesion and connect it with achieving success. In the empirical part I present the qualitative research, that I conducted according to a quasi-natural experimental plan with two groups of rhythmic gymnasts (about 10 years old), an experimental (EG) and a control group (CG). In my research, I tried to find out how can I affect the acceptance and cohesion of the group, with an experimental program, to make the group more successful. I applied a sociometric test in EG and CG and evaluated their performance, before and after the experimental program, which contained workshops, education and targeted trainings. During the targeted trainings, I performed participatory observation. One month after the experimental program, I did a group reflection of the program with the EG. The results showed that, after the program, the excluded member in the EG was better accepted as well as more socially skilled. Within the group, members had positive interactions more often and were more encouraging compared to before the experiment. Moreover they quickly resolved the conflicts and maintained a positive social climate. Their motivation increased during the experiment as they became more committed to the group success. This led to their progress as a group. Changes in the cohesion and performance of the EG were greater than in the CG, who received the ordinary trainings. With my research I proved that the experimental program led to a better cohesion within the group, which also increased the group’s success.

• Keywords: group, social cohesion, success, social acceptance, resolving conflicts, social identity, quasi-natural experiment