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Microplastics, chlorpyrifos and their mixtures modulate immune processes in the terrestrial crustacean Porcellio scaber
ID Dolar, Andraž (Author), ID Selonen, Salla (Author), ID Gestel, Cornelis A. M. van (Author), ID Perc, Valentina (Author), ID Drobne, Damjana (Author), ID Jemec Kokalj, Anita (Author)

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Abstract
Microplastics and agrochemicals are common pollutants in terrestrial ecosystems. Their interaction during coexistence in soils may influence their fate and adverse effects on terrestrial organisms. The aim of this study was to investigate how the exposure to two types of microplastics; polyester fibres, and crumb rubber; induce changes in immune parameters of Porcellio scaber and if the co-exposure of microplastics affects the response induced by the organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos. A number of immune parameters, such as total haemocyte count, differential haemocyte count, and phenoloxidase-like activity were assessed. In addition, the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the haemolymph was evaluated as a measure of the bioavailability of chlorpyrifos. After three weeks of exposure, the most noticeable changes in the measured immune parameters and also a significantly reduced AChE activity were seen in chlorpyrifos-exposed animals. Both types of microplastic at environmentally relevant concentrations caused only slight changes in immune parameters which were not dependent on the type of microplastic, although the two types differed significantly in terms of the chemical complexity of the additives. Mixtures of chlorpyrifos and microplastics induced changes that differed from individual exposures. For example, alterations in some measured parameters suggested a reduced bioavailability of chlorpyrifos (AChE activity, haemocyte viability) caused by both types of microplastics exposure, but the increase of haemocyte count was promoted by the presence of fibres implying their joint action. In conclusion, this study suggests that immune processes in P. scaber are slightly changed upon exposure to both types of microplastics and microplastics can significantly modulate the effects of other co-exposed chemicals. Further research is needed on the short-term and long-term joint effects of microplastics and agrochemicals on the immunity of soil invertebrates.

Language:English
Keywords:polyester fibres, crumb rubber particles from end-of-life tyre wear, organophosphorus pesticide chlorpyrifos, immune response, microplastics mixture
Work type:Article
Typology:1.01 - Original Scientific Article
Organization:BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publication status:Published
Publication version:Version of Record
Year:2021
Number of pages:11 str.
Numbering:Vol. 772, art. 144900
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-138384 This link opens in a new window
UDC:574
ISSN on article:1879-1026
DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144900 This link opens in a new window
COBISS.SI-ID:50391555 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:19.07.2022
Views:815
Downloads:111
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Record is a part of a journal

Title:Science of the total environment
Publisher:Elsevier
ISSN:1879-1026
COBISS.SI-ID:23110917 This link opens in a new window

Licences

License:CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.

Secondary language

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:imunski odziv, kopenski enakonožec Porcellio scaber, mikroplastika, pesticidi

Projects

Funder:NWO - Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research

Funder:EC - European Commission
Funding programme:H2020
Project number:689271
Name:Water Works 2016-2020 in Support of the Water JPI (WaterWorks2015) - Sustainable water use in agriculture, to increase water use efficiency and reduce soil and water pollution
Acronym:WaterWorks2015

Funder:Other - Other funder or multiple funders
Funding programme:Maj and Tor Nessling Foundation

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:P1-0184
Name:Integrativna zoologija in speleobiologija

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:J1-2482
Name:Vpliv okoljsko relevantne nano- in mikroplastike na kopenske nevretenčarje

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Funding programme:Young researchers

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Name:Infrastructural Centre for Microscopy of biological samples, University of Ljubljana

Funder:EC - European Commission
Funding programme:ERA-NET Waterworks2015
Name:Impacts of MicroPlastics on AgroSystems and Stream Environments
Acronym:IMPASSE

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