Prednosti in potencialne nevarnosti uporabe biooglja iz blat komunalnih čistilnih naprav v kmetijstvu

Vakaj, Filip (author), Suhadolc, Marjetka (mentor)

Blata komunalnih čistilnih naprav (KČN) so vse večji problem, saj zaenkrat ni jasne vizije, kako blata trajnostno uporabiti v kmetijstvu ali v kakšnem drugem sektorju na okoljsko in ekonomsko smiselen način. Trenutno je sežiganje ena najbolj uporabljenih metod za odstranjevanje blat KČN. Cilj naloge je bil ugotoviti prednosti in potencialne nevarnosti biooglja narejenega iz blat KČN. V pregled literature so vključene raziskave, ki so učinke dodatka biooglja iz blat KČN proučevale v poljskih poskusih. Raziskovalci, ki so preučevali učinke dodatka biooglja iz blat KČN na sprejem potencialno toksičnih kovin (PTK) v rastline, poročajo, da imajo največji vpliv sestava vhodnega materiala in temperatura pirolize pri pripravi biooglja, ter odmerek biooglja. Vendar v splošnem do prekomernih vsebnosti PTK v uporabnih delih rastlin ne prihaja, razen pri večjih odmerkih biooglja, t.j. 15 ton suhe snovi in več na ha. Rezultati so pokazali, da biooglje iz blat KČN lahko nadomesti sestavljena mineralna gnojila, ker vsebuje zadostno količino makro- in mikrohranil. Z bioogljem pa ne moremo na optimalno raven povečati vsebnosti hranila, ki ga v tleh primanjkuje. Pri uporabi biooglja iz blat KČN moramo biti previdni, saj je varnost pridelka zelo pogojena z osnovnim materialom in njegovim ozadjem (vsebnost PTK v blatu, ki pride iz KČN). Iz tega sledi tudi, da je težko določiti varno količino dodajanja biooglja, potrebno je upoštevati vsebnost PTK v tleh na katera se nanaša biooglje, ter prisotnost PTK v biooglju iz blat KČN.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Biooglje, blato, blato komunalnih čistilnih naprav, potencialno toksične kovine, sprejem potencialno toksičnih kovin, kmetijstvo
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [F. Vakaj]
• Year: 2022
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-138306
• UDC: 631.863:628.336:628.381:631.879.2:631.453:631.559(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 114847491
• Publication date in RUL: 14.07.2022

VAKAJ, Filip, 2022, Prednosti in potencialne nevarnosti uporabe biooglja iz blat komunalnih čistilnih naprav v kmetijstvu [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. Ljubljana : F. Vakaj. [Accessed 3 September 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=138306

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Benefits and potential risk of using biochar from sewage sludge in agriculture

Abstract

Sewage sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plants is a growing problem, as there is currently no clear vision of how to use sludge sustainably in agriculture or any other sector in an environmentally and economically sound manner. Currently, incineration is one of the most widely used methods for sewage sludge removal. The aim of the thesis was to determine the benefits and potential risks of biochar produced from sewage sludge. The literature review includes studies that have studied the effects of adding biochar from sewage sludge in field experiments. Researchers who investigated the effects of the addition of biochar from sewage sludge on the uptake of potentially toxic metals (PTM) in plants reported that the composition of the input material and pyrolysis temperature had the greatest impact on biochar preparation, as well as the dose of biochar. However, in general, excessive PTM levels in useful plant parts do not occur, except at higher rates of biochar, i.e. 15 tons dry matter and above per ha. The results show that biochar from sewage sludge can easily replace mineral fertilizers because it contains sufficient amount of macro- and micronutrients. However, biochar cannot increase the content of nutrients that are deficient in the soil to an optimal level. We must be careful when using biochar from sewage sludge, as the safety of the crop depends largely on the basic material and its background (PTM content in sewage sludge). It also follows that it is difficult to determine the safe amount of biochar added. It is necessary to take into account the PTM content in the soil to which the biochar will be added, and the presence of PTM in biochar from sewage sludge.

• Keywords: Biochar, sewage, municipial sewage sludge, potentially toxic metals, potentially toxic metal uptake, agriculture