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Powder particle–wall collision-based design of the discrete axial nozzle-exit shape in direct laser deposition
ID Jeromen, Andrej (Author), ID Vidergar, Ana (Author), ID Fujishima, Makoto (Author), ID Levy, Gideon N. (Author), ID Govekar, Edvard (Author)

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Abstract
To improve the efficiency of the direct laser deposition (DLD) of metal powders, a concentrated powder-stream distribution is required, which can be affected by the shape of the powder-delivery nozzle. In this study, a simplified, powder particle–wall collision-based 3D numerical model of the powder flow in the nozzle was used to simulate the influences of the nozzle-exit shape on the concentration of the powder stream distribution, characterized by its diameter. The nozzle-exit shape was parametrized by the exit-cone angle, length, and inner-surface roughness. Based on the simulation results, the nozzle-exit shapes of three exit-cone angles (0°, 3.5° and 7.2°), various lengths and surface-roughness values were designed. For the two larger particle sizes of 22 μm and 82 μm considered, the wall-collision-dominated regime and the influence of the nozzle-exit shape were experimentally confirmed. In particular, a significant decrease in the powder-stream diameter when increasing the divergent nozzle-exit cone angle or decreasing its surface roughness and the nonlinear influence of the cone length were shown. Using single-layer, powder-deposition experiments it was demonstrated that by modifying the design of the nozzle-exit shape, the powder-catchment efficiency was increased by 13% due to the increased nozzle-exit cone angle and by 19% due to the reduced surface roughness.

Language:English
Keywords:direct laser deposition, axial nozzle shapes, wall-collision-dominated flow, powder-stream distribution, powder-catchment efficiency
Work type:Article
Typology:1.01 - Original Scientific Article
Organization:FS - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
Publication status:Published
Publication version:Version of Record
Year:2022
Number of pages:13 str.
Numbering:Vol. 308, art. 117704
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-138253 This link opens in a new window
UDC:621.7
ISSN on article:0924-0136
DOI:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2022.117704 This link opens in a new window
COBISS.SI-ID:114823683 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:13.07.2022
Views:988
Downloads:144
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Record is a part of a journal

Title:Journal of materials processing technology
Shortened title:J. mater. process. technol.
Publisher:Elsevier
ISSN:0924-0136
COBISS.SI-ID:30105600 This link opens in a new window

Licences

License:CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.

Secondary language

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:neposredno lasersko nanašanje, aksialna oblika šob, trčenje sten v prevladujočem toku, porazdelitev toka prahu, učinkovitost zajemanja prahu

Projects

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:P2-0241
Name:Sinergetika kompleksnih sistemov in procesov

Funder:Other - Other funder or multiple funders
Funding programme:DMG Mori Co., Ltd.

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