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Determining bulk factors for three subsoils used in forest engineering in Slovenia
ID Mihelič, Jan (Author), ID Robek, Robert (Author), ID Kobal, Milan (Author)

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Abstract
In Slovenia, torrent areas and forest roads are being regulated and built mostly in steep, erosion-prone areas. In addition to the geometry of extrapolated works, calculating bulk factors is key for estimating haulage masses. We have determined bulk factors for compact carbonate rock, mixed soil, and carbonate deposits. Each construction site was recorded with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) before the excavation and after every 4±2 m3 of excavated material. The average point cloud density was 9535 points/m2. We processed the point clouds from each construction site and determined the difference in volume between the volume of excavated area and the volume of deposited material. The average bulk factor for compact carbonate rock is 1.42, 1.20 for mixed soil and 1.15 for carbonate deposits (calculated for fully loaded eight-wheeled truck). The calculated bulk factors for soils and carbonate deposits match with the already established values, while the factor for compact rock is 20% lower than the factor currently in use by the Slovenian forest engineers.

Language:English
Keywords:excavation, embankment, photogrammetry, dense point cloud, UAV, volume calculations, forestry, Slovenia
Work type:Article
Typology:1.01 - Original Scientific Article
Organization:BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publication status:Published
Publication version:Version of Record
Publication date:07.07.2022
Year:2022
Number of pages:Str. 303-311
Numbering:Vol. 42, no. 3
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-137990 This link opens in a new window
UDC:630*
ISSN on article:1848-9672
DOI:10.5552/crojfe.2022.1188 This link opens in a new window
COBISS.SI-ID:113654275 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:07.07.2022
Views:1113
Downloads:81
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Record is a part of a journal

Title:Croatian journal of forest engineering
Shortened title:Croat. j. for. eng.
Publisher:Forestry Faculty of Zagreb University, Croatian Forests, Croatian Chamber of Forestry and Wood Technology Engineers, FORMEC
ISSN:1848-9672
COBISS.SI-ID:55971331 This link opens in a new window

Licences

License:CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Description:This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.
Licensing start date:07.07.2022
Applies to:VoR

Secondary language

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:izkop, nasip, fotogrametrija, izračuni volumna, gozdarstvo, Slovenija, gozdna tla, prostorski faktorji

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