Privzem kadmija v odvisnosti od razpoložljivosti cinka pri česnu (Allum sativum L.)

Jovchevska, Marija (author), Pongrac, Paula (mentor)

Z napredkom industrializacije in sorazmerno rastjo onesnaževanja okolja je razvoj metod, ki bi omejile kopičenje težkih kovin v rastlinah in v prehranjevalni verigi, vse bolj pomemben. V primeru onesnaženja s kadmijem (Cd), je ena izmed potencialno uporabnih metod gnojenje rastlin s cinkovim sulfatom (ZnSO4). Namen raziskave je bil izmeriti koncentracijo Cd v rastlinskih tkivih česna (Allium sativum L.) in oceniti razlike med privzemom Cd pri štirih komercialno dostopnimi kultivarji. Cilj je bil tudi preučiti vpliv gnojenja s ZnSO4 na privzem Cd in koncentracijo cinka (Zn) v česnu. Iz štirih kultivarjev, ki so uspevali na polju, smo vzorčili po pet rastlin z rizosferno zemljo za vsak kultivar in vsako obravnavo. S pomočjo induktivno sklopljeno plazmo masnega spektrometra (ICP-MS) smo v posušenih, uprašenih in homogeniziranih tkivih (korenine, listi in stroki) po kislinskem razklopu izmerili koncentracijo Zn, Cd in žvepla (S). Izmerili smo tudi koncentracijo dostopnega Zn in Cd v rizosferni zemlje, ki smo jo pridobili z ekstrakcijo z amonijevim acetatom. Rezultati so pokazali, da je najvišja koncentracija Cd v koreninah, sledijo stroki in nato listi. Pokazali smo statistično značilne razlike v koncentraciji Cd v strokih med proučevanimi kultivarji česna. Gnojenje s ZnSO4 je pokazalo trend upadanja koncentracije Cd v stroku, vpliva na koncentracijo Zn v strokih pa nismo opazili. Gnojenje s ZnSO4 se je izkazalo za izvedljivo agronomsko metodo pri nadzoru privzema Cd.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: gnojenje, težke kovine, onesnaženost tal, kadmij, cink
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [M. Jovchevska]
• Year: 2022
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-137544
• UDC: 606:504.5:635.262:546.47/.48(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 113972739
• Publication date in RUL: 22.06.2022

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Uptake of cadmium in dependence of zinc bioavailability in garlic (Allium sativum L.)

Abstract

With the development of industrialization and subsequent pollution, there is increasing need to develop methods that would limit the accumulation of heavy metals in plants and therefore in the foodchain. In case of cadmium (Cd) pollution, one of potentially useful methods may be fertilisation of plants with zinc sulphate (ZnSO4). The purpose of the study was to measure the concentration of Cd in plant tissues of garlic (Allium sativum L.) and to evaluate differences between Cd uptake between four commercially available cultivars. In addition, the effect of fertilization with ZnSO4 on Cd and zinc (Zn) concentration in garlic was determined. For each of the four cultivars and for each treatment five plants with rhizosphere soil were sampled in the field, where plants were cultivated. Dried, milled and homogenised samples (roots, leaves and cloves) were wet digested and concentrations of Cd, Zn and sulphur (S) were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The available fractions of Zn and Cd were extracted from rhizosphere soil with ammonium acetate and their concentrations measured with ICP-MS. The highest concentration of Cd was measured in the roots, then in the cloves and the least in the leaves. There was significant difference in Cd concentrations in cloves between cultivars. Fertilization with ZnSO4 showed a declining trend in the concentration of Cd in the cloves, but there was no significant effect on the concentration of Zn in the cloves. ZnSO4 fertilization has proven to be a viable agronomic method in the control of Cd uptake.

• Keywords: fertilisation, heavy metals, soil pollution, cadmium, zinc