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Combined analytical study on chemical transformations and detoxification of model phenolic pollutants during various advanced oxidation treatment processes
ID Kravos, Aleksander (Author), ID Žgajnar Gotvajn, Andreja (Author), ID Lavrenčič Štangar, Urška (Author), ID Malinović, Borislav N. (Author), ID Prosen, Helena (Author)

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Abstract
Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have been introduced to deal with different types of water pollution. They cause effective chemical destruction of pollutants, yet leading to a mixture of transformation by-products, rather than complete mineralization. Therefore, the aim of our study was to understand complex degradation processes induced by different AOPs from chemical and ecotoxicological point of view. Phenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, and pentachlorophenol were used as model pollutants since they are still common industrial chemicals and thus encountered in the aquatic environment. A comprehensive study of efficiency of several AOPs was undertaken by using instrumental analyses along with ecotoxicological assessment. Four approaches were compared: ozonation, photocatalytic oxidation with immobilized nitrogen-doped TiO$_2$ thin films, the sequence of both, as well as electrooxidation on boron-doped diamond (BDD) and mixed metal oxide (MMO) anodes. The monitored parameters were: removal of target phenols, dechlorination, transformation products, and ecotoxicological impact. Therefore, HPLC–DAD, GC–MS, UHPLC–MS/MS, ion chromatography, and 48 h inhibition tests on Daphnia magna were applied. In addition, pH and total organic carbon (TOC) were measured. Results show that ozonation provides by far the most suitable pattern of degradation accompanied by rapid detoxification. In contrast, photocatalysis was found to be slow and mild, marked by the accumulation of aromatic products. Preozonation reinforces the photocatalytic process. Regarding the electrooxidations, BDD is more effective than MMO, while the degradation pattern and transformation products formed depend on supporting electrolyte.

Language:English
Keywords:chlorophenols, phenol, electrooxidation, ozonation, photocatalysis, photooxidation, gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, ion chromatography, mass spectrometry, total organic carbon, ecotoxicology, Daphnia magna
Work type:Article
Typology:1.01 - Original Scientific Article
Organization:FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
Publication status:Published
Publication version:Version of Record
Year:2022
Number of pages:20 str.
Numbering:Vol. 27, iss. 6, art. 1935
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-137534 This link opens in a new window
UDC:628.349:66.094.3:543.544
ISSN on article:1420-3049
DOI:10.3390/molecules27061935 This link opens in a new window
COBISS.SI-ID:101261315 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:21.06.2022
Views:469
Downloads:117
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Record is a part of a journal

Title:Molecules
Shortened title:Molecules
Publisher:MDPI
ISSN:1420-3049
COBISS.SI-ID:18462981 This link opens in a new window

Licences

License:CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Description:This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.
Licensing start date:16.03.2022

Secondary language

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:klorofenoli, fenol, elektroksidacija, ozonacija, fotokataliza, fotooksidacija, plinska kromatografija, tekočinska kromatografija, ionska kromatografija, masna spektrometrija, celokupni organski ogljik, ekotoksikologija, Daphnia magna

Projects

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:P1-0153
Name:Raziskave in razvoj analiznih metod in postopkov

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:P1-0134
Name:Kemija za trajnostni razvoj

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:P2-0191
Name:Kemijsko inženirstvo

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:BI-BA/19-20-040

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