Izkušnja spolnega nasilja in strah pred porodom : magistrsko delo

Šömen, Maja Maša (author), Svetina, Matija (mentor), Globevnik Velikonja, Vislava (co-mentor)

V pričujočem magistrskem delu smo želeli raziskati odnos med izkušnjo spolnega nasilja in časom izkušnje spolnega nasilja ter strahom pred porodom in duševnim zdravjem v nosečnosti. Kljub temu, da se z izkušnjo spolnega nasilja sooča veliko žensk, se v družbi vsakodnevno prisotnost spolnega nasilja pogosto zanika tako zaradi kulturnih vzorcev in okoliščin, v katerih se nasilje izvaja, kot tudi tabuiranosti spolnega nasilja. Zaradi specifičnosti obporodnega obdobja, v katerem poleg fizičnih sprememb telesa prihaja tudi do številnih psiholoških sprememb, se nosečnice z izkušnjo spolnega nasilja soočajo z raznolikimi strahovi in skrbmi. Slednje lahko ob pomanjkanju ustrezne podpore zdravstvenih delavcev vodi v različne psihosomatske zaplete v obporodnem obdobju. V raziskavi, ki je bila leta 2018 opravljena na Ginekološki kliniki Univerzitetnega kliničnega centra v Ljubljani, je sodelovalo 1328 nosečnic v zadnjem trimesečju. Baterijo merskih pripomočkov, ki so jo sestavljala demografska vprašanja, vprašanja o zdravstvenem stanju in trenutni nosečnosti, o izkušnji spolnega nasilja in času izkušnje spolnega nasilja, o strahu pred porodom, obporodni depresiji, anksioznosti, zadovoljstvu z življenjem in socialni opori, so v papirnati obliki izpolnile na Šoli za starše. Rezultati so pokazali, da so se nosečnice z izkušnjo spolnega nasilja soočale z več strahu pred porodom in z več težavami v duševnem zdravju kot nosečnice brez izkušnje spolnega nasilja, medtem ko se nosečnice z izkušnjo spolnega nasilja glede na čas izkušnje med seboj niso razlikovale v strahu pred porodom in težavah v duševnem zdravju. Kakovost partnerskega odnosa je imela moderatorski učinek le na odnos med izkušnjo spolnega nasilja in obporodno depresijo, anksioznost kot stanje ter anksioznost kot potezo, medtem ko socialna opora ni moderirala odnosa med izkušnjo spolnega nasilja in nobeno izmed opazovanih spremenljivk. Izsledki pričujočega magistrskega dela bodo pripomogli k učinkovitejšim strokovnim pristopom pri delu z ženskami v obporodnem obdobju, ki so izkusile spolno nasilje.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: spolno nasilje, obporodno obdobje, strah pred porodom, depresija, anksioznost, zadovoljstvo z življenjem, kakovost partnerskega odnosa, socialna opora, duševno zdravje
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FF - Faculty of Arts
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [M. M. Šömen]
• Year: 2022
• Number of pages: 67 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-137480
• UDC: 159.97:364.633(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 121643267
• Publication date in RUL: 18.06.2022

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The Experience of Sexual Violence and the Fear of Labour

Abstract

This master's thesis explores the relationship between the experience and time of the experience of sexual violence and fear of labour and mental health during pregnancy. Although many women experience sexual violence, it is often neglected in society due to cultural specifics, the circumstances in which violence is perpetrated, and its taboo nature. Due to the characteristics of the perinatal period, in which, in addition to physical changes in the body, there are also many psychological changes, pregnant women who experience sexual violence face a variety of fears and worries. This, in the absence of adequate support from health professionals, can lead to various psychosomatic complications during this period. This study, which was conducted in 2018 at the Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, included 1,328 pregnant women in their last trimester. The battery of measuring aids, consisting of demographic questions, questions about health and current pregnancy, the experience of sexual violence and the time of experiencing sexual violence, fear of labour, postpartum depression, anxiety, life satisfaction, and social support, was completed in paper form at the Antenatal education for birth and parenting. The results show that pregnant women with the experience of sexual violence faced more fear of labour and more mental health problems than pregnant women without the experience of sexual violence. However, pregnant women with the experience of sexual violence did not differ based on time of the experience of sexual violence in fear of labour, or mental health problems. Moreover, the quality of partnership only moderated the relationship between the experience of sexual violence, depression, and anxiety, whereas social support did not moderate either the relationship between the experience of sexual violence and fear of labour or the relationship between the experience of sexual violence and mental health problems. The results of this master's thesis will contribute to more effective professional approaches for working with women in the perinatal period who have experienced sexual violence.

• Keywords: sexual violence, perinatal period, fear of labour, depression, anxiety, satisfaction with life, quality of partnership, social support, mental health