Vpliv odpadne vode iz Koče pri Triglavskih jezerih na triglavsko Dvojno jezero : magistrsko delo

Grkman, Lucija (author), Oder, Martina (mentor), Poljšak, Borut (reviewer)

Uvod: V območju Triglavskega narodnega parka, kjer se nahaja Dvojno jezero, je kljub številnim naravovarstvenim ukrepom opazen antropogeni vpliv, pri čemer izpostavljamo gorski turizem. Opazni so lokalni viri onesnaženja, kot je odpadna voda iz alpskih koč, ki vključuje vodo iz stranišč in kuhinje. Namen: Namen magistrskega dela je oceniti vpliv komunalne odpadne vode iz Koče pri Triglavskih jezerih na mikrobiološko in kemijsko stanje Dvojnega jezera, ki se nahaja ob Koči in akumulacijskega jezera Močivec. Močivec se nahaja pred Kočo in ne prihaja v stik z odpadno vodo Koče. Metode dela: Na treh vzorčevalnih mestih smo v obdobju od junija do oktobra skupno odvzeli 30 vzorcev. Pred odvzemom vzorcev smo opravili terenske meritve temperature vode, električne prevodnosti in vrednosti pH. V okviru analiziranja kemijskega stanja Dvojnega jezera in Močivca smo v posameznih vzorcih določili vrednost celokupnega dušika, celokupnega fosforja, nitratov, nitritov, amonija, kemijsko potrebo po kisiku (KPK) in biološko potrebo po kisiku (BPK5). Za vse omenjene parametre, z izjemo BPK5, smo uporabili spektrofotometrično metodo s kivetnimi testi. Za BPK5 smo uporabili manometrično metodo. Za analizo mikrobiološkega stanja smo z metodo membranske filtracije ugotavljali prisotnost fekalnih koliformnih bakterij, E. coli in intestinalnih enterokokov. Rezultati: Rezultati mikrobioloških analiz so od meseca julija dalje pokazali največjo obremenitev s fekalnimi koliformnimi bakterijami in E. colijem v Petem jezeru. V obdobju od julija do oktobra so se vrednosti fekalnih koliformnih bakterij gibale od 2 do 20 CFU/100 mL; vrednosti E. coli so bile največje v avgustu, in sicer 14 CFU/100 mL. Največ enterokokov je poraslo na gojiščih z vzorci Petega in Šestega triglavskega jezera, in sicer 180 in 120 CFU/100 mL v mesecu oktobru. V vseh odvzetih vzorcih so bili kemijski parametri pod mejo detekcije naprave, z izjemo parametra NH4, katerega vrednosti so bile v mesecu oktobru 1,64 mg/L v vzorcu Petega triglavskega jezera, 2,03 mg/L v vzorcu Šestega jezera in 1,92 mg/L v vzorcu Močivca. Razprava in zaključek: Obratovanje Koče pri Triglavskih jezerih s komunalno odpadno vodo vpliva na mikrobiološko stanje Dvojnega jezera. Kakovost površinske vode akumulacijskega jezera Močivca je boljša kot kakovost vode Dvojnega jezera.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: magistrska dela, sanitarno inženirstvo, Dvojno jezero, Koča pri Triglavskih jezerih, komunalna odpadna voda, male komunalne čistilne naprave, onesnaževanje
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [L. Grkman]
• Year: 2022
• Number of pages: 41 str., [1] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-137132
• UDC: 614
• COBISS.SI-ID: 110159875
• Publication date in RUL: 02.06.2022

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The impact of wastewater from the Mountain Hut at the Triglav Lake on the Triglav Double Lake : master thesis

Abstract

Introduction: In the area of the Triglav National Park, where Double Lake is located, despite numerous nature protection measures, anthropogenic impact is noticeable, highlighting mountain tourism. Local sources of pollution are noticeable, such as wastewater from alpine huts, which includes water from toilets and kitchens. Purpose: The aim of the master thesis is to assess the impact of municipal wastewater from the Mountain Hut at the Triglav Lake on the microbiological and chemical status of Double Lake, located next to the hut, and the Močivec Reservoir. Močivec is located in front of the hut and does not come into contact with the wastewater of the hut. Methods: We took thirty samples at three sampling sites between June and October. Before sampling, we performed field measurements of water temperature, electrical conductivity and pH. In chemical analyses of Double Lake and Močivec we determined concentration of the parameters of nitrogen, total phosphorus, nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD5). For all these parameters, with the exception of BOD5, we used the spectrophotometric method with cuvette assays. For BOD5, we used manometric method. To analyse the microbiological status, we checked the samples for the presence of faecal coliforms, E. coli and intestinal enterococci, using the membrane filtration method. Results: Microbiological analyses showed the highest load of faecal coliforms and E. Coli in Lake Five. Between July and October, faecal coliform levels ranged from 2 to 20 CFU/100mL, E. coli levels peaked in August with 14 CFU/100 mL. Enterococci were present in samples of Lake Five and Lake Six, with 180 and 120 CFU/100 mL in October. In all samples taken, the chemical parameters were below the detection limit of the device, with the exception of NH4, which in October was 1.64 mg/L in the sample from Lake Five, 2.03 mg/L in the sample from Lake Six and 1.92 mg/L in the sample from Močivec. Discussion and conclusion: Open Mountain Hut at the Triglav Lake for visitors, with municipal wastewater, affects the microbiological condition of Double Lake. The surface water quality of the Močivec is significantly better than the surface water quality of Double Lake.

• Keywords: master's theses, sanitary engineering, Double Lake, Mountain Hut at the Triglav Lake, wastewater, small wastewater treatment plants, pollution