Competitive success in judo depends on a variety of factors. One of them is the appropriate body composition, which is especially important in weight-restricted sports such as judo. Power and its anaerobic component are also one of the important success factors. Goals. To determine the status of anaerobic abilities of young judoists and their gender differences. To determine the connection of individual morphological and anaerobic characteristics with the competitive performance of judoists. Methods. 29 judoists from the Judo Association of Slovenia were measured. At the time of the test, judoists were members of the Slovenian U21 national team. The measurements were performed in the physiological laboratory of the Institute of Sports at the Faculty of Sports in Ljubljana. Morphological characteristics (age, height, body weight, body mass index, body fat percentage, muscle mass ratio) were measured with Inbody 720 electrical bioimpedance, and maximum power and anaerobic capacity with a Monark 891E handheld ergometer. The competitive performance of the subjects was represented by the ranking in the total sum of the Slovenian Cup in 2019. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 program. Descriptive statistics data were calculated for the whole sample of variables. The normality of the data distribution was verified by the Shapiro-Wilk test. The correlation between the variables was made with the Spearman correlation coefficient. Gender differences were done with the Mann-Whitney U test. Testing of statistical characteristics of differences was determined at the level of 5% risk. Results. The results showed statistical differences in anaerobic abilities between male and female young judoists: absolute maximum power (U = 11,00, p = 0,00); relative maximum power (U = 16,50, p = 0,00); average power (U = 10,00, p = 0,00); relative average power (U = 17,00, p = 0,00); drop in absolute maximum power (U = 14,00, p = 0,00); relative drop in absolute maximum power (U = 19,00, p = 0,00); percentage of absolute maximum power drop (U = 118,00, p = 0,00); absolute anaerobic capacity (U = 10,00, p = 0,00); relative anaerobic capacity (U = 17,00, p = 0,00). Morphological and anaerobic characteristics did not show a significant association with competitive performance.
Slovenian judoists have an appropriate morphological composition, but lag behind in terms of maximum strength and anaerobic capacity. This suggests the need to modernize the training process, improve the maximum strength of judoists and anaerobic capacity, and thus the contribution of appropriate energy systems. For this purpose, we have described in the master's thesis examples of training that can help improve the anaerobic characteristics of judoists.
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