Neural evidence for different types of position coding strategies in spatial working memory

Purg, Nina (author), Starc, Martina (author), Slana Ozimič, Anka (author), Kraljič, Aleksij (author), Matkovič, Andraž (author), Repovš, Grega (author)

Sustained neural activity during the delay phase of spatial working memory tasks is compelling evidence for the neural correlate of active storage and maintenance of spatial information, however, it does not provide insight into specific mechanisms of spatial coding. This activity may reflect a range of processes, such as maintenance of a stimlus position or a prepared motor response plan. The aim of our study was to examine neural evidence for the use of different coding strategies, depending on the characteristics and demands of a spatial working memory task. Thirty-one (20 women, 23 ± 5 years) and 44 (23 women, 21 ± 2 years) participants performed a spatial working memory task while we measured their brain activity using fMRI in two separate experiments. Participants were asked to remember the position of a briefly presented target stimulus and, after a delay period, to use a joystick to indicate either the position of the remembered target or an indicated non-matching location. The task was designed so that the predictability of the response could be manipulated independently of task difficulty and memory retrieval process. We were particularly interested in contrasting conditions in which participants (i) could use prospective coding of the motor response or (ii) had to rely on retrospective sensory information. Prospective motor coding was associated with activity in somatomotor, premotor, and motor cortices and increased integration of brain activity with and within the somatomotor network. In contrast, retrospective sensory coding was associated with increased activity in parietal regions and increased functional connectivity with and within secondary visual and dorsal attentional networks. The observed differences in activation levels, dynamics of differences over trial duration, and integration of information within and between brain networks provide compelling evidence for the use of complementary spatial working memory strategies optimized to meet task demands.

• Language: English
• Keywords: short term memory, spatial memory, spatial working memory, functional magnetic resonance imaging, fMRI, brain, cognitive psychology, functional connectivity, encoding, maintenance, representations, prospective motor coding, retrospective sensory coding
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
• Organization: FF - Faculty of Arts; MF - Faculty of Medicine
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2022
• Number of pages: 19 str.
• Numbering: Vol. 16, art. 821545
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-136957
• UDC: 159.953.2
• ISSN on article: 1662-5161
• DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.821545
• COBISS.SI-ID: 108398339
• Publication date in RUL: 26.05.2022

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Frontiers in human neuroscience
• Shortened title: Front. hum. neurosci.
• Publisher: Frontiers Media
• ISSN: 1662-5161
• COBISS.SI-ID: 49074786

Licences

• License: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Description: This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.

Secondary language

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: delovni spomin, prostorski spomin, funkcijsko magnetnoresonančno slikanje, fMRI, možgani, kognitivna psihologija