Vloga medicinskih sester pri obravnavi starejših odraslih oseb z multimorbidnostjo : diplomsko delo

Turk, Sara (author), Pajnič, Manca (mentor), Milavec Kapun, Marija (reviewer)

Uvod: Staranje prebivalstva po vsem svetu narašča, s tem pa se povečuje tudi pojav kroničnih nenalezljivih bolezni. Za opredelitev sočasnega pojava dveh ali več kroničnih bolezni pri posamezniku je pogosto uporabljen izraz multimorbidnost. Gre za kompleksen pojav, ki predstavlja številne probleme tako za posameznika kot za njegovo družino in celoten zdravstveni sistem. K pojavnosti multimorbidnosti so bolj izpostavljene ženske in ljudje z nižjo izobrazbo ter slabšim socialno-ekonomskim statusom. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je predstaviti pristop k zdravstveni obravnavi pacientov z multimorbidnostjo in predstaviti vlogo medicinskih sester pri obravnavi starejših odraslih oseb z multimorbidnostjo. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda dela s pregledom znanstvene in strokovne literature v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku. Iskanje je potekalo prek spletnega brskalnika Google Učenjak ter mednarodnih podatkovnih baz PubMed in ScienceDirect. V pregled literature je bilo vključenih 16 enot literature. Rezultati: Rezultati pregleda literature kažejo, da se osebe z multimorbidnostjo v času svoje zdravstvene obravnave soočajo z vrsto težav, povezanih z zdravstvenim sistemom in s stroko. Prav zaradi tega se vse bolj odraža potreba po zamenjavi tradicionalnega medicinskega pristopa s pristopom, usmerjenim na pacienta. Z upoštevanjem pacientovih prioritet, vrednot, želja ter z vzpostavitvijo dobre in kontinuirane interdisciplinarne oskrbe se izboljša njihovo fizično počutje in zadovoljstvo z oskrbo, prednosti pa se kažejo tudi v manjšem koriščenju zdravstvenih storitev. Razprava in zaključek: Z izvajanjem na pacienta osredinjene oskrbe se v ospredje postavlja predvsem aktivna vloga pacienta in njegove družine, zato je pomembna naloga zdravstvenih delavcev, da jih za to ustrezno opolnomočijo. Medicinske sestre lahko v ta namen starejše odrasle paciente z multimorbidnostjo spodbujajo z enostavnim, jasnim informiranjem in izobraževanjem, izvajanjem motivacijskega intervjuja in zdravstvenega coachinga, z vzpostavitvijo spoštljivega, enakovrednega odnosa in s psihično podporo. Pozornosti in podpore s strani strokovnjakov pa morajo biti deležni tudi svojci in morebitno vključeni laični oskrbovalci, katerih potrebe so v času zdravstvene obravnave velikokrat spregledane. Kljub vse bolj prisotnemu zanimanju in raziskovanju multimorbidnosti bi bile potrebne dodatne raziskave s področja izvajanja učinkovitih intervencij, ki bi prispevale k boljši zdravstveni oskrbi starejših odraslih oseb z multimorbidnostjo.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, kronične nenalezljive bolezni, kakovost življenja, aktivna vloga pacienta, na pacienta usmerjena oskrba
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [S. Turk]
• Year: 2022
• Number of pages: 34 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-135908
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 103041539
• Publication date in RUL: 01.04.2022

TURK, Sara, 2022, Vloga medicinskih sester pri obravnavi starejših odraslih oseb z multimorbidnostjo : diplomsko delo [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. Ljubljana : S. Turk. [Accessed 21 March 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=135908

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The role of nurses in the treatment of elderly with multimorbidity : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: The aging of the world's population as well as the incidence of chronic non-communicable diseases is increasing. The term multimorbidity is often used to define the co-existence of two or more chronic diseases. It is a complex phenomenon that presents many problems for individuals as well as for their families and the entire healthcare system. Women and people with lower education and poorer socio-economic status are more exposed to the development of multimorbidity. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to present the approach to the medical treatment of patients with multimorbidity and to present the role of nurses in the treatment of elderly with multimorbidity. Methods: A descriptive method of work was used including a review of scientific and professional literature in Slovene and English. The search was carried out with the help of the Google Scholar and international databases PubMed and ScienceDirect. In the literature review, we included 16 articles. Results: The results of the research review show that patients with multimorbidity face a number of problems related to the healthcare system and profession during their medical treatment. This is why there is an increasing tendency to replace the traditional medical approach with a patient-centred approach. Taking into account the patient's priorities, values, wishes and establishing good continuous interdisciplinary care improve patient’s physical well-being and satisfaction with care; in addition, the advantages are also reflected in the smaller use of health services. Discussion and conclusion: Patient-centred care focuses on the active role of the patient and his family, so it is important for healthcare professionals to empower them accordingly. To this end, nurses can encourage elderly patients with multimorbidity by providing simple, clear information and education, conducting motivational interviews and health coaching, establishing a respectful, equal relationship, and with psychological support. Attention and support from experts should also be given to relatives and possibly involved informal caregivers whose needs are often overlooked during medical treatment. Despite the growing interest and research into multimorbidity, further research would be needed to implement effective interventions that would contribute to better healthcare for the elderly with multimorbidity.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, non-communicable diseases, quality of life, active patient role, patient-centred care