Oskrba planinskih koč z električno energijo

Hribar, Jernej (author), Čepin, Marko (mentor)

Planinske koče so objekti oddaljeni od javne infrastrukture. Z razvojem planinstva, ki danes postaja ena izmed najbolj priljubljenih oblik rekreacije, se tudi od planinskih koč pričakuje vse več. Večja ponudba hrane in ostalih storitev v koči botruje k povečanju potreb po energiji. Če je koča včasih lahko delovala brez električnega napajanja ali pa se je napajala z manjšim fotovoltaičnim sistemom, tovrstni sistemi danes ne uspejo zagotoviti potreb po energiji. Namen diplomskega dela je proučiti možnosti pridobivanja električne energije in toplote v planinskih kočah iz obnovljivih virov energije. Posledično je posebno pozornost potrebno nameniti tehnologijam shranjevanja električne energije in toplote ter analizirati porabo električne energije v izbranih kočah in oceniti možnosti samooskrbe. Ena izmed uspešnih rešitev je napajanje z agregati, ki kot energent porabljajo fosilna goriva. Ker se stremi k opuščanju uporabe fosilnih goriv, je v prvem delu diplomskega dela poudarjeno izkoriščanje obnovljivih virov energije, tj. energija sonca, vode in vetra ter na novih tehnologijah shranjevanja energije. Ker je večina obnovljivih virov odvisnih od vremena, so razdelane tudi različne tehnologije shranjevanja, tako električne energije, kot tudi toplote. V drugem delu so bili raziskani primeri dobre prakse pri nas in v tujini. Podrobneje sta opisani švicarska koča Monte Rossa in najvišje ležeča koča v Evropi, koča Gouter v Franciji. V tretjem delu je bila opravljena analiza slovenskih planinskih koč. Iz podatkov o porabi so bili ugotovljeni različni profili porabe električne energije. Na podlagi meteoroloških podatkov se je simulacijsko zagotovilo potrebe po energiji Doma na Komni z izkoriščanjem energije sonca in vetra. Prvotno je sicer Dom na Komni priključen na elektroenergetsko omrežje. Ugotovljeno je, da trenutno stanje tehnike sicer omogoča popolno samooskrbo planinskih koč zgolj z uporabo obnovljivih virov energije, vendar se tovrstne sisteme predvsem zaradi visoke cene novih tehnologij shranjevanja električne energije uporablja redko.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: planinska koča, obnovljivi viri energije, samooskrba, shranjevanje energije, vodik, poraba, analiza podatkov
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: FE - Faculty of Electrical Engineering
• Year: 2022
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-135456
• COBISS.SI-ID: 101561347
• Publication date in RUL: 15.03.2022

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Electric energy supply of mountain huts

Abstract

Mountain huts are facilities that are usually located far away from infrastructure. Mountaineering today is becoming one of the most popular type of recreation, therefore expectations from mountain huts are rising. The variety offer of food and other services in the cottage contributes to the increase in energy needs. If the cottage in the past used to be able to operate without power or was powered by a smaller photovoltaic system, such systems today fail to meet the energy needs. The purpose of the thesis is to study the possibilities of generating electric energy and heat in mountain huts from renewable energy sources. Consequently, special attention needs to be paid to energy storage technologies. It is necessary to analyse the electric energy consumption in selected huts and determine the possibilities of self-sufficiency. One of the successful solutions is the power supply with generators that uses fossil fuels as an energy source. Because the use of the fossil fuel is being abandoned, the first part of the thesis focuses on the use of renewable energy sources, i.e., solar, water and wind energy, and new energy storage technologies. As most renewables depend on the weather, various technologies for storing both electricity and heat have also been investigated. In the second part, examples of domestic practice and practice abroad are given. The Swiss hut Monte Rossa and the highest-lying hut in Europe, the Gouter hut in France, are described in more details. In the third part, selected Slovenian mountain huts are analysed. Different consumption profiles of electric energy are identified. The electric energy needs of Dom na Komni, which was originally connected to the electric power system, have been simulated using solar and wind energy, based on meteorological data in that environment. It has been found out that the current state of the art enables complete self-sufficiency only through the use of renewable energy sources combined with the electric energy storage facilities, but such systems are rare due to the high cost.

• Keywords: mountain hut, renewable energy sources, self-sufficiency, energy storage, hydrogen, consumption, data analyse