The relationship between symmetrical and asymmetrical jumps and their influence on speed abilities : gender consideration

Maćkała, Krzysztof (author), Rauter, Samo (author), Zawartka, Marek (author), Čoh, Milan (author), Vodičar, Janez (author)

Purpose: Plyometric exercises, in the form of jumping, are extreme physical activities. The aim of the study was to determine how symmetrical-single versus asymmetrical-continued plyometric exercises differ between men and women and affect speed abilities. Methods: Twenty-two healthy females and forty-four males from different sports practices participated in the investigation. The countermovement jump (CMJ) and drop jump (DJ) of 40/60 cm box were performed on two independent and synchronized force platforms (Bilateral Tensiometric Platform S2P, Ljubljana, Slovenia). The measurement of a standing long jump (SLJ) and all continuous jumps: standing five jumps (SFJ), standing bounce triple jump (SBTJ), five double-leg jumps (FD-LJ), and a 10 m horizontal single leg jump (HSLJ-10mL/R) were performed using OptoJump–Next Microgate (OptoJump, Bolzano, Italy). Results: Statistically significant differences were noted in all jump kinematic and somatic parameters, in favor of the men. The correlations between values of height of symmetrical jumps (bilateral) and distance (SLJ) were stronger in women despite the shorter jumps than the men. When an alpha-level of 0.01 was set, this study demonstrated a stronger correlation between symmetrical-single and asymmetrical-continuous plyometrics exercises and sprints, both men and women. This relationship is due to their similar kinematic and dynamic structures with sprinting steps. Conclusions: The results showed a large dispersion of the relationship (p < 0.05) between jumps and sprints divided into 10, 20 and 30 m, both in men and women. Both types of exercises implemented as a plyometric training regime are an extremely important tool for sprint speed development.

• Language: English
• Keywords: sport, plyometrics activities, sprint, vertical jumps, horizontal jumps, elastic energy, kinematics
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
• Organization: FŠ - Faculty of Sport
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2021
• Number of pages: 13 str.
• Numbering: Vol. 13, iss. 4, art. 694
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-135302
• UDC: 796.01
• ISSN on article: 2073-8994
• DOI: 10.3390/sym13040694
• COBISS.SI-ID: 60081923
• Publication date in RUL: 07.03.2022

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Symmetry
• Shortened title: Symmetry
• Publisher: Molecular Diversity Preservation International
• ISSN: 2073-8994
• COBISS.SI-ID: 517592345

Licences

• License: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Description: This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.
• Licensing start date: 16.04.2021

Secondary language

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: šport, pliometrične aktivnosti, pliometrika, šprint, vertikalni skoki, horizontalni skoki, energija, kinematika