Uporaba digitalnih tehnologij za preprečevanje padcev starostnikov v domačem okolju : diplomsko delo

Stapić, Ana (author), Milavec Kapun, Marija (mentor), Drnovšek, Rok (co-mentor), Domajnko, Barbara (reviewer)

Uvod: V Evropi delež starejšega prebivalstva iz dneva v dan eksponentno narašča in predstavlja enega izmed resnih izzivov, pred katerim se je znašlo človeštvo. O staranju prebivalstva govorimo takrat, ko se delež starostnikov v populaciji povečuje. Po definiciji so starostniki osebe, ki so stare več kot 65 let. Njihov delež v Sloveniji znaša 20,9?%. Poškodbe in padci se pogosteje pojavljajo pri starostnikih. Za preprečevanje le-teh je potrebna preventiva, ki jo lahko izvajamo tudi z uporabo sodobnih digitalnih tehnologij. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je proučiti uporabo digitalnih tehnologij na področju preventive padcev starostnikov v domačem okolju, saj so padci velik gospodarski in javnozdravstveni problem, ter ugotoviti vlogo medicinske sestre pri uporabi digitalnih tehnologij za preprečevanje padcev starostnikov v domačem okolju. Metode dela: Uporabili smo deskriptivno metodo dela. Pregledali smo domačo in tujo literaturo, dostopno v podatkovnih bazah: CINAHL with full text in MEDLINE. Iskalni nizi v angleškem jeziku s ključnimi besedami so bili: digital technology, ict, wearable, eldery, geriatric, older adult, aged, falls prevention, preventing falls, prevent falls, reduce falls. Literaturo smo zbirali v obdobju od decembra 2020 do oktobra 2021. V omenjenih podatkovnih bazah je bilo najdenih 384 člankov. V končno analizo smo vključili 18 člankov. Rezultati: Rezultate smo razdelili na štiri področja. Prvo področje se nanaša na ugotovitve raziskav, ki so povezane s tehnologijami za spremljanje telesne aktivnosti, med njimi sta pametna ogrlica in vadba v navidezni resničnosti. Drugo področje se nanaša na pametna oblačila, kot sta pametni pas in pametni čevelj, tretje področje na prilagoditev bivalnega okolja, kamor sodita koncept pametnega doma in pametna tla, ter zadnje področje, ki se nanaša na samostojne senzorje, kjer predstavljamo nosljive senzorje, radarsko tehnologijo, sistem za odkrivanje padcev in mobilne aplikacije. Razprava in zaključek: Na voljo je ogromno digitalne tehnologije, ki lahko olajša življenje starostnikom in preprečuje padce v domačem okolju. V pregledu literature smo zaznali uporabo digitalne tehnologije tudi v slovenskem prostoru. Spoznali smo slovenski projekt, imenovan Dom IRIS in napredni sestrski klicni sistem NurseCare, ki uporabnikom ponuja več programskih rešitev.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, starostniki, padci, preprečevanje, digitalna tehnologija, gerontehnologija
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [A. Stapić]
• Year: 2022
• Number of pages: 33 str., [9] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-134871
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 96661507
• Publication date in RUL: 09.02.2022

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Use of digital technologies to prevent falls among the elderly in the home environment : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Europe’s population is ageing rapidly and steadily on a daily basis, which poses a significant challenge for the humankind. Population ageing occurs when there is an increase in the proportion of elderly people in the population. By definition, the elderly are people over the age of 65 and their proportion in Slovenia is 20.9%. Injuries and falls occur more often among the elderly. They can be avoided by taking preventive measures, for instance, with the help of modern digital technologies. Purpose: The purpose of this diploma thesis is to examine the use of digital technology for preventing falls among the elderly in the home environment, since falls represent a major economic and public health problem, as well as to determine the role of nurses in using digital technologies for preventing falls among the elderly. Methods: A descriptive working method was used. We reviewed domestic and foreign literature, available in databases CINAHL with full text and MEDLINE. The following search strings with keywords in English were used: digital technology, ict, wearable, elderly, geriatric, older adult, aged, falls prevention, preventing falls, prevent falls, reduce falls. The literature was being collected from December 2020 until October 2021. Overall, 384 articles were reviewed in the above-mentioned databases, and 18 articles were included in the final analysis. Results: The results were divided into four areas: the first area consists of research findings related to technologies for physical activity monitoring, i.e., a smart necklace and virtual reality exercises; the second area covers smart clothing, such as a smart belt and smart shoes; the third area is the adaptation of the living environment, which includes the concept of a smart home and smart floors; the last area focuses on stand-alone sensors, where wearable sensors, radar technology, fall detection systems and mobile applications are presented in more detail. Discussion and conclusion: A wide range of digital technologies is available to make life easier for the elderly, which prevents falls in the home environment. While reviewing the literature, we detected the use of digital technology for this purpose in Slovenia. We discovered a Slovenian project Dom IRIS and an advanced nursing call system NurseCare, which offers several software solutions for its users.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, elderly, falls, prevention, digital technology, gerontechnology