Spolne disfunkcije in njihov vpliv na kakovost življenja oseb z multiplo sklerozo : diplomsko delo

Šuligoj, Ana (author), Plemelj Mohorič, Alenka (mentor), Sicherl, Zorana (reviewer)

Uvod: Multipla skleroza je kronična, vnetna, avtoimuna bolezen osrednjega živčevja, ki v večini prizadene mlade odrasle in povzroča invalidnost. Simptomi so raznovrstni in številčni, vključujejo pa tudi spolno disfunkcijo, ki ovira spolnost in negativno vpliva na kakovost življenja. Zaradi intimnosti problematike ostanejo spolne težave nediagnosticirane in nezdravljene. Namen: Namen pregleda literature je identificirati ovire posameznikov z multiplo sklerozo pri spolnih aktivnostih, ugotoviti, kako spolne motnje vplivajo na kakovost življenja, in opredeliti vlogo delovne terapije pri obravnavi s spolnostjo povezanih težav. Metode dela: Opravljen je bil sistematični pregled literature po modelu PRISMA. Za iskanje člankov smo uporabili podatkovne baze Research Gate, Wiley Online Library, Science Direct, PubMed ter SAGE. Iskanje smo časovno omejili na 10 let. Uporabili smo samo v celoti dostopne članke, ki so ustrezali vključitvenim kriterijem. Iskali smo raziskave v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku, ki so bile objavljene v strokovnih ali znanstvenih revijah in so bile recenzirane. Članki so morali obravnavati vpliv spolne disfunkcije na vključevanje v spolne aktivnosti in na kakovost življenja ter/ali terapevtske intervencije, usmerjene v facilitacijo in izboljšanje spolnih odnosov pri osebah z MS. Rezultati: Spolna disfunkcija je imela med posamezniki z MS visoko prevalenco. Delimo jo na primarno, sekundarno in terciarno, vse tri oblike pa otežujejo spolnost in negativno vplivajo na kakovost življenja, nižajo spolno zadovoljstvo in nemalokrat privedejo do znižane samozavesti in depresije. Negativen vpliv ima tudi na odnose in socialno vključenost. Strategij za obvladovanje tovrstnih težav je veliko, vendar zaradi pomanjkanja ustreznih evalvacij in pogovorov večina oseb s spolno disfunkcijo ni deležna ustreznega zdravljenja. Svetuje se tudi edukacijo uporabnikov in njihovih partnerjev, aplikacijo pripomočkov in prilagoditev aktivnosti. Razprava in zaključek: Spolnost je pri osebah z multiplo sklerozo neraziskana in pogosto spregledana. Spolna disfunkcija je pogost in moteč simptom, ki zahteva ustrezno evalvacijo in obravnavo. Zdrava spolnost je nujna za dobro počutje in kakovostno življenje. K temu bi lahko s svojimi kompetencami preko celostne in k uporabniku usmerjene obravnave pripomogli tudi delovni terapevti, saj so tudi spolne aktivnosti dnevne aktivnosti, ki marsikomu predstavljajo nepogrešljiv del življenja.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, delovna terapija, multipla skleroza, spolnost, dobro počutje
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [A. Šuligoj]
• Year: 2021
• Number of pages: 39 str., [5] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-134301
• UDC: 615.851
• COBISS.SI-ID: 92032515
• Publication date in RUL: 05.01.2022

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Sexual disorders and their impact on quality of life in persons with multiple sclerosis : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that mainly affects young adults and results in disability. It causes various symptoms, one of which is also sexual dysfunction. MS-related sexual problems impair sexual activity and negatively affect the quality of life. Purpose: The aim of this literature review is to identify issues related to performing and enjoying sexual activities, evaluate their impact on quality of life, and determine the role of occupational therapy in the process of treating sexual problems and enabling sexual activities. Methods: For this systematic literature review the PRISMA model (Moher et al., 2015) was used. The following databases were used for article search: Research Gate, Wiley Online Library, Science Direct, Pub Med, and SAGE. We limited our research to the last ten years and the articles, in order to be included in our analysis, had to be written in English or Slovene and reviewed. The aim of the studies had to be to investigate the impact of sexual dysfunction on quality of life and/or to explore the possible treatments and management strategies for sexual problems. Results: Sexual dysfunction is highly prevalent in MS patients, and its causes are commonly divided into primary, secondary, and tertiary. No matter the cause, sexual problems often hinder regular sexual activity and reduce the quality of life, negatively affect the person's self-esteem and often lead to depression. It also alters someone's relationships and social function. Since it's a sensitive topic to discuss and evaluate, these problems often go overlooked and untreated. Adequate education, assistive technology, and activity adaptation are recommended to tackle sexual dysfunction. Discussion and conclusion: The sexual lives of persons with MS are underresearched and underdocumented. Sexual dysfunction is a common and irritating symptom that requires appropriate evaluation and treatment. Healthy sexual relations are essential for well-being and satisfactory quality of life. Occupational therapy with its client-centered, holistic approach could be of great use in this matter. Sexual activities are also activities of daily living, therefore meaningful and necessary.

• Keywords: diploma theses, occupational therapy, multiple sclerosis, sexuality, well-being