Encimska aktivnost kot indikator revitalizacije tal po remediaciji

Gantar, Anja (author), Leštan, Domen (mentor)

Remediacija tal zmanjša škodljivost onesnažil, vendar lahko spremeni prvotno talno bioto in encime. V preteklosti onesnažena kisla tla iz Arnoldsteina (Avstrija) in karbonatna tla iz Mežice (Slovenija) smo spirali s 30 in 100 mmol/kg etilendiamin tetraacetata (EDTA) in s tem učinkovito odstranili 78 % in 60 % Pb, 20,5 % in 36 % Zn ter 83 % in 61 % Cd. V pognojena remedirana avstrijska in slovenska tla smo dodali 2,5 %, 5,0 % in 10,0 % (w/w) neonesnaženih tal oziroma komposta. Za kontrolo smo uporabili originalna in remedirana tla brez dodatkov. Tla smo nasuli v plastična vedra in vanje posejali špinačo (Spinacia oleracea L.). Poskus je potekal v treh ponovitvah na obravnavanje in je trajal 15 tednov. Merili smo kemijske lastnosti tal, encimsko aktivnost v tleh, maso špinače in njeno fotosintetsko aktivnost. Remedijacija avstrijskih tal je zmanjšala aktivnost ureaze in povečala aktivnost ß-glukozidaze. Aktivnost dehidrogenaze ni bila značilno različna v primerjavi z originalnimi tlemi. Nasprotno pa je uporaba velike koncentracije EDTA v slovenskih tleh, ki je bila potrebna za učinkovito remediacijo karbonatnih tal, povzročila izrazito značilno zmanjšanje encimske aktivnosti (povprečno 3,2-krat). Dodatek komposta v avstrijska tla je značilno povečal aktivnost dehidrogenaze, biooglje pa je značilno povečalo aktivnost ß-glukozidaze. Dodatek komposta in tal sta vrnila encimsko aktivnost slovenskih tal nazaj na izhodiščno raven originalnih tal. Pri izmerjenih fotosintetskih parametrih špinače (fluorescenca klorofila, meritve izmenjave plinov in vrednost SPAD) na zadnji dan poskusa med obravnavanji bilo značilnih razlik.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: potencialno strupene kovine, remediacija, dodatki, talni encimi, talni mikroorganizmi, fotosintetski parametri
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [A. Gantar]
• Year: 2021
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-133752
• UDC: 631.453:504.5:631.46:502.174(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 88895747
• Publication date in RUL: 14.12.2021

GANTAR, Anja, 2021, Encimska aktivnost kot indikator revitalizacije tal po remediaciji [online]. Master’s thesis. Ljubljana : A. Gantar. [Accessed 21 March 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=133752

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Enzyme activity as an indicator of revitalization of remediated soil

Abstract

Soil remediation mitigates hazards from contaminants but could deprive soils of initial biota and enzymes. Historically contaminated acidic soil from Arnoldstein (Austria) and calcareous soil from Meza (Slovenia) were washed with 30 and 100 mmol/kg ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) to remove 78 % and 60 % Pb, 20.5 % and 36 % Zn, 83 % and 61 % Cd. 2.5 %, 5.0% and 10.0% (w/w) of healthy, uncontaminated soil or compost were added to fertilized remediated Austrian and Slovenian soils. For control, we used original and remediated soil without additives. The soil was poured into plastic buckets and spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) was sown in them. The experiment was conducted in three replicates per treatment and lasted 15 weeks. We measured the chemical properties of the soil, the enzymatic activity in the soil, the mass of spinach and its photosynthetic activity. Remediation of the austrian soil decreased urease activity and increased ß-glucosidase activity. The dehydrogenase activity was not significantly impeded compared to the original soil. Conversely, the use of a high dose of EDTA in the Meza soil, necessary for effective remediation of calcareous soils, resulted in pronouncedly decreased enzyme activities (3.2 times on average). Compost increased the dehydrogenase activity and biochar enhanced the ß-glucosidase activity of the austrian soil. Compost and soil inoculum returned the enzyme activities of the slovenian soil back to the baseline in the original soil. At measured photosynthetic parameters of spinach (chlorophyll fluorescence, gas exchange measurements and SPAD value) on the last day of the experiment, there were no significant differences among treatments.

• Keywords: potentially toxic metals, remediation, amendments, soil enzymes, soil microorganisms, photosynthetic parameters