Hydrogeochemical characterization of a warm spring system in a carbonate mountain range of the Eastern Julian Alps, Slovenia

Serianz, Luka (author), Rman, Nina (author), Brenčič, Mihael (author)

The Alps represent an area where many deep groundwater circulations occur as thermal springs. In the Bled case study, the thermal water temperature, at it is discharged to the surface, is between 19–23 °C. In order to determine the extent (e.g., geometry) and the origin of the pronounced deep circulation system in the Bled area, chemical and isotopic measurements of waters from different hydrogeological systems were performed (e.g., surface water, thermal water, fresh groundwater). Hydrogeochemical methods were used to tie together the above-mentioned parameters. The results have shown that thermal outflow in Bled is determined by the presence of a deep-water circulation system, where the dissolution of carbonates minerals is the main hydrogeochemical process affecting chemical components of natural water flow. The correlation of the major ions suggests that the recharge area is represented by both limestone and dolomite rocks. Moreover, the results of δ$^{18}$O and δ$^2$H of all samples indicate that the recharge is mainly meteoric precipitation. The recharge altitude was estimated for two sampled fresh groundwater springs. The isotopic compositions of those two springs suggest the range from δ$^{18}$O = −8.68‰, δ$^2$H = −57.4‰ at an elevation of 629 m to δ$^{18}$O = −9.30‰, δ$^2$H = −60.1‰ at an elevation of 1216 m. The isotopic analysis has confirmed that the thermal water recharges from altitudes of 1282–1620 m a.s.l.

• Language: English
• Keywords: thermal spring, groundwater, hydrogeochemical characteristics, stable isotopes, Julian Alps
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
• Organization: NTF - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2020
• Number of pages: 20 str.
• Numbering: Vol. 12, iss. 5, art. 1427
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-133709
• UDC: 556.3
• ISSN on article: 2073-4441
• DOI: 10.3390/w12051427
• COBISS.SI-ID: 15693059
• Publication date in RUL: 10.12.2021

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Water
• Shortened title: Water
• Publisher: Molecular Diversity Preservation International - MDPI
• ISSN: 2073-4441
• COBISS.SI-ID: 36731653

Licences

• License: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Description: This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.
• Licensing start date: 17.05.2020

Secondary language

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: hidrogeokemija, termalna voda, izotopi, Julijske Alpe

Projects

• Funder: ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
• Funding programme: Young researchers
• Project number: 1000-19-0215

• Funder: ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
• Project number: P1-0020
• Name: Podzemne vode in geokemija