Transporters and efflux pumps are the main mechanisms involved in Staphylococcus epidermidis adaptation and tolerance to didecyldimethylammonium chloride

Ribič, Urška (author), Jakše, Jernej (author), Toplak, Nataša (author), Koren, Simon (author), Kovač, Minka (author), Klančnik, Anja (author), Jeršek, Barbara (author)

Staphylococcus epidermidis cleanroom strains are often exposed to sub-inhibitory concentrations of disinfectants, including didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC). Consequently, they can adapt or even become tolerant to them. RNA-sequencing was used to investigate adaptation and tolerance mechanisms of S. epidermidis cleanroom strains (SE11, SE18), with S. epidermidis SE11Ad adapted and S. epidermidis SE18To tolerant to DDAC. Adaptation to DDAC was identified with up-regulation of genes mainly involved in transport (thioredoxin reductase [pstS], the arsenic efflux pump [gene ID, SE0334], sugar phosphate antiporter [uhpT]), while down-regulation was seen for the Agr system (agrA, arC, agrD, psm, SE1543), for enhanced biofilm formation. Tolerance to DDAC revealed the up-regulation of genes associated with transporters (L-cysteine transport [tcyB]; uracil permease [SE0875]; multidrug transporter [lmrP]; arsenic efflux pump [arsB]); the down-regulation of genes involved in amino-acid biosynthesis (lysine [dapE]; histidine [hisA]; methionine [metC]), and an enzyme involved in peptidoglycan, and therefore cell wall modifications (alanine racemase [SE1079]). We show for the first time the differentially expressed genes in DDAC-adapted and DDAC-tolerant S. epidermidis strains, which highlight the complexity of the responses through the involvement of different mechanisms.

• Language: English
• Keywords: Staphylococcus epidermidis, RNA-seq, didecyldimethylammonium chloride, adaptation mechanisms, tolerance mechanisms
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2020
• Number of pages: 18 str.
• Numbering: Vol. 8, iss. 3, art. 344
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-133620
• UDC: 579.24+579.26:613.6
• ISSN on article: 2076-2607
• DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8030344
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5173368
• Publication date in RUL: 06.12.2021

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Microorganisms
• Shortened title: Microorganisms
• Publisher: MDPI AG
• ISSN: 2076-2607
• COBISS.SI-ID: 523277081

Licences

• License: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Description: This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.
• Licensing start date: 01.03.2020

Secondary language

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: mikrobiološka kontrola obratov, čisti prostori, patogeni mikroorganizmi, Staphylococcus epidermidis, razkuževanje, didecildimetilamonijev klorid, DDAC, sekvencioniranje RNA, RNA-seq, biofilmi, izlivne črpalke, mehanizmi prilagoditve

Projects

• Funder: ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
• Project number: P4-0116
• Name: Mikrobiologija in biotehnologija živil in okolja

• Funder: ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
• Project number: J4-9299
• Name: Mehanizmi adhezije bakterij Campylobacter kot tarča za zmanjšanje antibiotske odpornosti