Introduction: Cancer is one of the most common diseases. The disease itself, as well as its treatment, greatly affects the quality of life. Patient survival rates increase with early detection and due to advances in treatment. To prevent cancer recurrence, secondary cancer, or even death, a healthy lifestyle, with a healthy diet and physical activity is recommended. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to investigate the role of occupational therapy in the field of oncology and how its role is defined in foreign literature. We asked a research question : What approaches, methods, techniques and strategies are used in occupational therapy treatment of cancer? Methods: The written method of work is used. A literature review was performed. When searching for literature, we used a time frame between 2015 and 2020. The literature was searched in English, with the keywords Cancer, Occupation, Rehabilitation, Treatment DiKUL and Google Scholar, which also includes the PubMedCentral database. We included 11 studies in the detailed analysis. Results: The literature defines occupational therapy as one of the fundamental elements in the field of oncology in a multidisciplinary team in the treatment of people with cancer. Occupational therapy is significantly involved in improving occupational performance, in improving participation in occupations that are important to the patient with cancer. It also helps to get back to work. Occupational therapists are also involved in treating children with cancer, where one study showed a reduction in pain, anxiety and fatigue. Occupational therapists use a cognitive - behaviroal approach to stress management, an occupational - based problem-improvement strategy, an energy - saving strategy, various relaxation techniques, and so on. The assessment instruments that are useful are the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool and the Canadian Occupation Performance Measure. With the help of of the application for Decision making and Occupation Choice, they promote Decision making between activities and goal setting based on occupation. Discussion and conclusion: Occupational therapy plays an important role in treating people with cancer. However, more research is needed to support the role of occupational therapy to support its role. A Model of Human Occupation that focuses on occupations is useful in the treatment, because in the case of cancer, their participation is difficult. Occupational therapists most often use energy - saving strategies and various occupational-based problem-solving strategies. One of the apps useful in treating cancer is Aid for Decision Making and Occupation Choice.
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