Uporaba dezodorantov in antiperspirantov med ženskami : diplomsko delo

Srovin, Maša (author), Milavec Kapun, Marija (mentor), Jereb, Gregor (reviewer)

Uvod: V zadnjih dveh desetletjih se je pojavil sum, da aluminijeve soli v antiperspirantih morda povzročajo razvoj raka dojk. Ta se namreč najpogosteje pojavlja v zunanjem zgornjem kvadrantu dojke, kamor si nanašamo kozmetične izdelke, hkrati pa so različne raziskave v laboratorijih že prišle do ugotovitev, ki nakazujejo škodljiv vpliv aluminijevih soli, med drugim tudi njihov vpliv na razvoj raka dojk. Vendar neposreden vpliv teh snovi iz antiperspirantov še ni bil dokazan, zato tudi njihova uporaba ni prepovedana, je pa svetovano, da se ne uporabljajo neposredno po britju pazduhe. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je ugotoviti navade slovenskih žensk pri kupovanju in uporabi dezodorantov in antiperspirantov. Oblikovali smo tri hipoteze, ki se nanašajo na uporabo dezodorantov in antiperspirantov med ženskami različnih starostnih skupin ter ženskami z rakom dojk. Metode dela: Anketni vprašalnik smo oblikovali in analizirali s spletno aplikacijo 1KA ter MS Excelom, vanj pa smo vključili 32 vprašanj in ga posredovali prek družbenih omrežij. Vprašalnik je bil aktiven od 21. do 29. junija 2021. Odgovorilo je 882 oseb, od tega je bilo 98 % žensk. V analizo smo vključili samo ženske. Rezultati: Antiperspirante je uporabljalo 54 % anketirank, 88 % pa dezodorante. Mlajše anketiranke so začele uporabljati dezodorante in antiperspirante v zgodnejših letih, kot so jih začele starejše anketiranke. Mlajše do navedle, da se najpogosteje brijejo dva- do šestkrat na teden, medtem ko se starejše najpogosteje manj kot enkrat na mesec. Anketiranke z rakom dojk, ki so začele uporabljati dezodorante in antiperspirante s 15. letom starosti ali prej, so imele v povprečju postavljeno diagnozo bolezni najbolj zgodaj, vendar pri tem ni bilo zaznati statistično značilnih razlik. Glede na rezultate 70 % anketirank z rakom dojk je po postavitvi diagnoze spremenilo svoje navade glede uporabe kozmetičnih izdelkov za pazduho. Razprava in zaključek: Ugotovili smo, so mlajše anketiranke začele uporabo dezodorantov in antiperspirantov bolj zgodaj kot starejše in se prav tako pogosteje brijejo. Zaradi neznanih morebitnih vplivov na zdravje se pri mladih svetuje previdnost v uporabi teh izdelkov. Anketiranke z izkušnjo raka dojk posegajo po bolj naravnih alternativah kozmetičnim izdelkom za pazduho. Zanimivo bi bilo nadalje raziskovati, kaj je botrovalo njihovi spremembi pri uporabi teh izdelkov. Vpliv aluminijevih soli na razvoj raka dojk pa bi morali še naprej raziskovati. Na osnovi različnih ugotovitev bi lahko združili znanja različni strokovnjaki in oblikovali skupne smernice za uporabo teh kozmetičnih izdelkov in poskrbeli za splošno zdravje vseh žensk v borbi proti bolezni raka dojk.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, babištvo, kozmetični izdelki, potenje, pazduha, aluminijeve soli, rak dojk
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [M. Srovin]
• Year: 2021
• Number of pages: 38 str., [10] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-131997
• UDC: 618.2/.7
• COBISS.SI-ID: 79739139
• Publication date in RUL: 08.10.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The use of deodorants and antiperspirants among women : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: In the last two decades an assumption has risen that aluminium salts, present in antiperspirants, might cause the development of breast cancer. This disease most commonly appears in the outer upper quadrant where most people apply cosmetic products. Also, many different researchers have come to conclusions that point to harmful effects of aluminium salts among everything also on development of breast cancer. But any direct effects of these substances in antiperspirants have not yet been proven and because of that their use has not been forbidden. It is advised though that they should not be used right after shaving armpits. Purpose: The purpose of diploma work is to find out about Slovenian women's habits in shopping and usage of deodorants and antiperspirants. We formed three hypotheses about habits in usage of deodorants and antiperspirants among women in different age groups and with breast cancer. Methods: We made and analysed questionnaire using 1KA app and Excel. It included 32 questions and was shared via social media. The questionnaire was active from 21st to 29th June 2021. The questionnaire was done by 882 people of which 98% were women. We only used women in analysis. Results: Antiperspirants were used by 54% participants and 88% of them used deodorants. The younger participants started using antiperspirants and deodorants earlier than older women. Young participants most commonly shave two to six times per week while oldest most commonly shave less than once a month. Participants with breast cancer who started using deodorants and antiperspirants at the age of 15 or less, had the earliest age of diagnosis in average, but differences were not statistically significant . According to the results, 70% participants with breast cancer changed their habits in usage of underarm cosmetics after their diagnosis. Discussion and conclusion: We found out that younger women started to use deodorants and antiperspirants sooner and shave more often than older women. Because we do not know the effects these habits might have on health later in life, we suggest a lot of caution for younger women while using it. Women with breast cancer diagnosis more commonly use natural alternative products for armpits and it would be interesting to further investigate what were the reasons for their change in usage of underarm cosmetics products. The effects of aluminium salts to development of breast cancer should be researched more so scientist scan come to same conclusions which could give us new guidelines for usage of underarm cosmetics. This way we can take best care of women's health and fight against breast cancer.

• Keywords: diploma theses, midwifery, cosmetics, sweating, underarm, aluminium salts, breast cancer