Na znanstvenih dokazih utemeljena navodila za postoperativno oskrbo amputirancev : diplomsko delo

Rajh, Anže (author), Lampe, Tomaž (mentor), Pavlović, Monika (comentor), Fošnarič, Miha (reviewer)

Uvod: Amputacija je odstranitev uda ali njegovega dela, ki vodi v velike spremembe v življenju posameznika. Amputiranci se srečujejo s slabšim fizičnim in psihičnim stanjem, trajno invalidnostjo in slabšo kvaliteto življenja. Rehabilitacijo izvaja rehabilitacijski tim in se začne takoj po amputaciji. Glavni cilj rehabilitacije je doseg pacientove samostojnosti pri opravljanju vsakodnevnih aktivnosti. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je na znanstvenih dokazih utemeljiti in potem pripraviti navodila za postoperativno oskrbo amputirancev. Kot prilogo bomo izdelali brošuro, ki bo služila kot pripomoček za boljše razumevanje poteka rehabilitacije po amputaciji in predstavitev splošnih rehabilitacijskih postopkov, s katerimi se bodo srečevali amputiranci tekom rehabilitacije. Metode dela: Literaturo smo iskali v angleškem in slovenskem jeziku. Uporabili smo ključne besede: amputation/amputacija, rehabilitation/rehabilitacija, phantom pain/fantomska bolečina, residual limb/preostali ud, postoperative care/pooperativna oskrba, wound care/oskrba rane, muscle strength/mišična jakost, exercise/vadba, amputee/amputiranec, stump pain/bolečina krna, bandages/povoji, bandaging/povijanje. Vključili smo prosto dostopne članke, ki so bili objavljeni med letoma 2011 in 2021. Rezultati: Glede na pogoje, ki smo jih navedli v metodah dela, smo na podatkovnih bazah PubMed, DiKul in Google Scholar našli 9 člankov, primernih za naše delo. V te raziskave so bili vključeni pacienti s transtibialno ali transfemoralno amputacijo, v eni pa so bili vključeni tudi pacienti z amputacijo zgornjega uda. Raziskave so se med seboj razlikovale po raziskovanem področju oskrbe amputirancev. Področja rehabilitacije, ki so bila obravnavana v raziskavah, so bila oskrba rane, fantomska bolečina in bolečina krna, oskrba krna in ohranjanje mobilnosti. Razprava in zaključek: Prišli smo do zaključka, da je postoperativna oskrba pacienta pomembna, saj vpliva na kvaliteto življenja po amputaciji uda. Pacienti se tekom rehabilitacije po amputaciji srečujejo z različnimi pristopi in prilagajanji na nov način življenja. Med procesom rehabilitacije je ključnega pomena sodelovanje rehabilitacijskega tima in pacienta ter njegovih bližnjih. Vsako področje rehabilitacije je pomembno za doseganje najboljših rezultatov in glavnega cilja rehabilitacije, ki pa je doseganje pacientove samostojnosti pri opravljanju vsakodnevnih opravil.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, ortotika in protetika, amputacija, rehabilitacija, oskrba krna, bolečina krna, fantomska bolečina
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [A. Rajh]
• Year: 2021
• Number of pages: 26 str., [4] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-131856
• UDC: 617.3
• COBISS.SI-ID: 79148547
• Publication date in RUL: 05.10.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Instructions for postoperative care of amputees based on scientific evidence : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: An amputation is the removal of a limb or part of a limb and results in significant changes in a person's life. Amputees face poorer physical and mental health, permanent disability, and a lower quality of life. Rehabilitation begins immediately after the amputation and is led by a rehabilitation team. The main goal of rehabilitation is to help the patient become independent in activities of daily living. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to provide an evidence-based rationale and then guidelines for postoperative care of amputees. As an appendix, a booklet will be created to serve as a tool to better understanding the rehabilitation process after an amputation and present the common rehabilitation procedures amputees face during rehabilitation. Methods: We searched for literature in English and Slovene language. Keywords used: amputation/amputacija, rehabilitation/rehabilitacija, phantom pain/fantomska bolečina, residual limb/preostali ud, postoperative care/pooperativna oskrba, wound care/oskrba rane, muscle strength/mišična jakost, exercise/vadba, amputee/amputiranec, stump pain/bolečina krna, bandages/povoji, bandaging/povijanje.Free articles published between 2011 and 2021 were included. Results: According to the conditions stated in our methods, we found 9 articles in PubMed, DiKul and Google Scholar databases that were suitable for our work. The studies included patients with transtibial or transfemoral amputations and one study included patients with upper limb amputations. The surveys were cross-sectional in terms of the area of amputation care studied. The rehabilitation domains studied were wound care, phantom and coronal pain, coronal care, and maintenance of mobility. Discussion and conclusion: We concluded that the patient's postoperative care is important because it affects the quality of life after amputation. During their rehabilitation, amputees have to follow different approaches and adapt to their new lifestyle. During the rehabilitation process, collaboration between the rehabilitation team and the patient and their families is crucial. Each area of rehabilitation is important to achieve the best results and to achieve the main goal of rehabilitation, which is the patient's independence in performing everyday tasks.

• Keywords: diploma theses, orthotics and prosthetics, amputation, rehabilitation, residual limb care, residual limb pain, phantom pain