Nemški in slovenski naturalizem ter problem evgenike

Glavan, Nina (author), Pezdirc Bartol, Mateja (mentor), Smolej, Tone (mentor)

Diplomsko delo obravnava problem evgenike, in sicer na podlagi šestih primerov naturalističnih literarnih del. V prvem delu sta predstavljena zgodovinski okvir in shema, ki sem jo oblikovala v namen bolj sistematične obravnave, navedena pa so tudi literarna dela, ki so bila obravnavana. Izbrana slovenska naturalistična dela so roman V krvi Frana Govekarja, drama Pravica do življenja Zofke Kveder in drama Školjka Alojza Kraigherja. Izbrana nemška, katerih avtor je Gerhart Hauptmann, pa so novela Železniški čuvaj Thiel, drama Tkalci in drama Pred sončnim vzhodom. V drugem delu sledi umestitev literarnih likov slovenskih in potem nemškega naturalističnega pisca. V tretjem delu je podana identifikacija evgeničnih »drugih«, torej družbenih skupin osebkov, katerih dedni material naj bi bil »neprimeren« za reprodukcijo. Pri Slovencih so to: proletariat, starčki, osebe s fizičnim hendikepom in bolni ter slabotni. Pri Nemcih so to: proletarat in bolni ter slabotni. V četrtem delu so predstavljeni poskusi odvračanja od tega, da bi nekdo postal »drugi«. Slovenci odvračajo z moralo, ki jo vnaša katoliška cerkev, in z ustanovami ter praksami, namenjene ubogim. Nemci odvračajo z napredovanjem po družbeni lestvici, vojsko, odhodom v mesto, smrtjo in posegom znanstvenikov. V petem sledi še končna primerjava, ki umesti slovenske evgenične principe kot principe pozitivne evgenike, nemške pa kot negativne.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: slovenska književnost, nemška književnost, naturalizem, dednost, evgenika
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: FF - Faculty of Arts
• Year: 2021
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-131853
• COBISS.SI-ID: 79330563
• Publication date in RUL: 05.10.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The Problem of Eugenics in German and Slovene Naturalism

Abstract

The bachelor's thesis presents the problem of eugenics. It is based on a comperative analysis on six selected literary works of naturalism. The first section presents the history and the scheme that I created for the purpose of more organised analysis and what literary works I included. These are novel V krvi from Fran Govekar, drama Pravica do življenja from Zofka Kveder and drama Školjka from Alojz Kraigher. German selected works are all from Gerhart Hauptmann: novella Železniški čuvaj Thiel, drama Tkalci and drama Pred sončnim vzhodom. Second section places literal characters into the scheme. Third section presents social groups with individuals, whose genetic material was considered not appropriate for reproduction. Slovene authors suggest proletariat, the older, those born with handicap and the ill and fragile. The German author suggets proletariat, the ill and fragile. Forth section presents attempts of dissuading from becoming not appropriate for reproduction. Slovene authors suggest moral lesson from the catholic church and institutions from the poor. The German author suggests moving up the social ladder, joining the army, moving into the city, dying and science. The final comparison connects principle of Slovene eugenics with the principles of positive eugenics and principle of German eugenics with the principles of negative eugenics.

• Keywords: Slovene literature, German literature, naturalism, heredity, eugenics