Vloga zdravstvenih delavcev pri podpori staršem in otroku, ki preboleva raka : diplomsko delo

Šabić, Aledina (author), Bizjak, Martina (mentor), Kamenšek, Tina (comentor), Thaler, Darja (reviewer)

Uvod: Vzroki za nastanek raka pri otrocih v večini primerov niso znani. Domnevajo pa, da gre v osnovi za kombinacijo genetskih vplivov in vplivov okolja. Otroci so posebej ranljiva populacija in pri obravnavi otrok z rakom veljajo določene posebnosti. Diagnostični postopek je vsekakor odvisen od kliničnega suma na rakavo bolezen. V večini primerov so potrebni zelo specifični diagnostični postopki. Velja načelo, da je treba otroka z utemeljenim sumom na raka napotiti na diagnostiko v specializirano ustanovo. Pri zdravljenju ima komunikacija pomembno vlogo za dobro počutje otrok, njihove družine ter tudi zdravstvenih delavcev. Za vse zdravstvene delavce je pomembno, da imajo učinkovite komunikacijske veščine. Zdravstveni delavci lahko z dobro komunikacijo prepoznajo psihosocialne potrebe otrok in njihovih družin, izboljšajo njihovo psihosocialno prilagoditev in pripomorejo k ohranitvi kakovosti življenja. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil predstaviti vlogo zdravstvenih delavcev pri komunikaciji z družino in njenim otrokom, ki ima rakavo obolenje, ter vlogo pri soočanju otrok in njihovih staršev z diagnozo raka. Metode dela: Za nastanek diplomskega dela je bila uporabljena deskriptivna metoda dela. Narejen je bil pregled domače in tuje literature, objavljene med letoma 2010 in 2021. Literatura je bila pridobljena s pomočjo podatkovnih baz CINAHL in ScienceDirect ter spletnih iskalnikov Google Učenjak, PubMed in DIKUL. V diplomskem delu so bili uporabljeni strokovni, izvirni in pregledni znanstveni članki, ki so bili dostopni v celoti. Rezultati: Študije dokazujejo, da komunikacija med zdravstvenimi delavci, otrokom in starši vključuje več kot le posredovanje informacij. Vsi zdravstveni delavci imajo pomembno vlogo, to je skrb za psihosocialne potrebe staršev in otrok z diagnozo raka. Najpomembnejši elementi skrbi v procesu zdravljenja otrok z diagnozo raka so: empatičen odnos, dobra komunikacija, ustrezno informiranje in čustvena podpora. Razprava in zaključek: Rak predstavlja življenjsko nevarno bolezen. Intenzivnost zdravljenja raka ima globoke kratkoročne in dolgoročne učinke na telesno, psihološko, socialno in razvojno zdravje otrok. Poseže v življenje otroka in njegovih staršev. Starši igrajo pomembno vlogo pri zdravljenju in zdravstveni negi otrok in naj bi bili vanju aktivno vključeni. Za uspešen rezultat zdravljenja in zdravstvene nege je bistvenega pomena komunikacija med zdravstvenimi delavci, otroki in starši.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, rak, otroci, družina, zdravstveni delavci, komunikacija, zaupanje
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [A. Šabić]
• Year: 2021
• Number of pages: 29 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-131569
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 78545667
• Publication date in RUL: 29.09.2021

ŠABIĆ, Aledina, 2021, Vloga zdravstvenih delavcev pri podpori staršem in otroku, ki preboleva raka : diplomsko delo [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. Ljubljana : A. Šabić. [Accessed 26 April 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=131569

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The role of healthcare professionals in supporting parents and children with cancer : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: The causes of cancer in children are unknown in most cases. However, there is an assumption that it is a combination of genetic and environmental influences. Children are a particularly vulnerable part of the population, and certain specialities apply to the treatment of children with cancer. The diagnostic procedure certainly depends on the clinical suspicion of cancer. In most cases, very specific diagnostic procedures are required. The principle is that a child with a well-founded suspicion of cancer should be referred for diagnosis to a specialized institution. Communication with children plays an important role in their well-being during treatment, as well as with their families and healthcare professionals. It is therefore important for all healthcare professionals to have effective communication skills. Through good communication, healthcare professionals can identify the psychosocial needs of children and their families, improve their psychosocial adjustment, and help maintain their quality of life. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to present the role healthcare professionals play in communicating with a child with cancer and their family, and the role in confronting children and their parents with a diagnosis of cancer. Methods: A descriptive method of work was used to create the diploma work. A review of domestic and foreign literature published between 2010 and 2021 was carried out. The literature was obtained with the help of the following databases: CINAHL, ScienceDirect; and the web search engines Google Scholar, PubMed and DIKUL. In the diploma work, professional, original and transparent scientific articles were used, which were available in the entire text. Results: Studies show that communication between healthcare professionals, the child and parents involves more than just the provision of information. All healthcare professionals have an important role to play; that is, caring for the psychosocial needs of parents and children diagnosed with cancer. The most important elements of care in the process of treating children diagnosed with cancer are: an empathic attitude, good communication, proper information and emotional support. Discussion and conclusion: Cancer is a life-threatening disease. The intensity of cancer treatment has profound short- and long-term effects on the physical, psychological, social and developmental health of children. It interferes with the lives of the child and their parents. Parents play an important role in the treatment and nursing of children and should be actively involved. Communication between healthcare professionals, children and parents is essential for a successful outcome of treatment and nursing.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, cancer, children, family, healthcare professionals, communication, trust