Analiza vpliva različnih ravni zunanjega hrupa na ravni hrupa v stavbah pri različnih sestavah stavbnega ovoja : diplomska naloga

Vrhovec, Nejc (author), Dovjak, Mateja (mentor), Čudina, Mirko (comentor)

Na izbranih primerih stanovanjskih stavb (različne sestave stavbnega ovoja) smo opravili kombinacijo meritev in izračunov dejanskih vrednosti zvočne izolirnosti zunanjih ločilnih elementov. Obravnavali smo vpliv prometa, toplotne črpalke ter hrupa cerkvenih zvonov. Rezultate meritev notranjih ravni hrupa v varovanih prostorih stavbe smo primerjali z zahtevami ter priporočili. Zvočno izolirnost fasade smo izračunali z enačbo in programom Hrup ter ugotovili možna odstopanja od zahtev ter priporočil. Na osnovi primerjave z zakonsko zahtevanimi vrednostmi smo določili gradbeno-tehnične ukrepe z namenom preprečevanja in obvladovanja čezmernega hrupa v bivalnih prostorih. Pri izračunu, meritvah in vrednotenju ustreznosti smo izhajali iz najstrožjih mejnih vrednosti, saj zahteve med seboj niso popolnoma usklajene. Rezultati izmerjenih vrednosti zunanjega nivoja hrupa za različne vire hrupa (LAFeq) in primerjava z mejnimi vrednostmi so pokazali, da je hrup cerkvenih zvonov (87,6 dB(A)) in hrup toplotne črpalke (59,9 dB(A)) presegal mejno vrednost območja 55 dB(A), hrup prometa (52,1 dB(A)) pa mejne vrednosti ni presegal. Rezultati izmerjenih vrednosti notranje ravni hrupa (LAFeq) za različne vire hrupa in primerjava z mejnimi vrednostmi je pokazala, da je v primeru hrupa cerkvenih zvonov (53,6 dB(A)) presežena mejna vrednost v notranjosti prostora podnevi (35 dB(A)), v primeru hrupa zaradi toplotne črpalke (26,5 dB(A)) mejna vrednost v notranjosti prostora ponoči (30 dB(A)) ni presežena, hrup prometa (44,0 dB(A)) pa presega mejno vrednost v notranjosti prostora ponoči (30 dB(A)) (čas zgodaj zjutraj). Pri določevanju zvočne izolirnosti smo upoštevali različne vire hrupa. Zvočno izolirnost v stari kamniti hiši smo določili na dva načina. Prvič smo upoštevali hrup zvonov in izračunali izolirnost 34,10 dB(A), ki ne zadošča mejni vrednosti 57,63 dB(A). Drugič smo v drugem prostoru iste hiše za izračun izolirnosti uporabili hrup zvočnika (90 dB(A)) in tako določili izolirnost 34,63 dB(A), ki tudi ne dosega mejne vrednosti 57,63 dB(A). V primeru hiše, obremenjene s hrupom toplotne črpalke, zvočna izolirnost (30,83 dB(A)) zadošča mejni vrednosti (27,33 dB(A)). Pri hiši, ki se nahaja ob prometni obvoznici, izolirnost (37,97 dB(A)), določena s pomočjo zvočnika (90 dB(A)), ne zadošča mejni vrednosti (63,97 dB(A)). Izolirnost smo določili tudi v dvostanovanjski hiši. Predelna stena med stanovanjema (51,32 dB(A)) ne zadošča mejni vrednosti (55,00 dB(A)). Z vidika celovitega preprečevanja in obvladovanja pred izpostavljenostjo hrupu v grajenem okolju bi bilo potrebno uskladiti zakonodajne zahteve, pri izračunih, meritvah ter vrednotenju ustreznosti pa izhajati iz najstrožjih mejnih vrednosti ravni hrupa.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: hrup, zvok, izolirnost, protihrupni ukrepi
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: FGG - Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [N. Vrhovec]
• Year: 2021
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-131142
• UDC: 692.232.4:699.844(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 79475971
• Publication date in RUL: 23.09.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Analysis of the influence of external noise levels on indoor conditions considering the compositions of building envelope : graduation thesis

Abstract

Using selected examples of residential buildings (different compositions of the building evelopes), we carried out a combination of measurements and calculations of the actual sound insulation values of the external separating elements. We dealt with the impact of traffic, the heat pump and the noise from the church bells. We compared the results of the measurements of the internal noise levels in protected building areas with the requirements and recommendations. We calculated the sound insulation of the facade using an equation and a software, and identified possible deviations from the requirements and recommendations. We have based the calculation, measurements and evaluation of compliance on the stringent limit values, as the requirements are not fully consistent with each other. The results of the measured values of external noise level for different noise sources (LAFeq) and the comparison with limit values indicated that the noise from the church bells (87.6 dB (A)) and the heat pump (59.9 dB (A)) exceeded the limit value of 55 dB(A), while the traffic noise (52.1 dB (A)) didn’t. The results of measured indoor noise level (LAFeq) for the different noise sources and the comparison with the limit values showed that in the case of church bell noise (53.6 dB (A)) the limit value (35 dB (A)) is exceeded, in the case of heat pump noise (26.5 dB (A)) limit value (30 dB (A)) is not exceeded, while traffic noise (44,0 dB (A)) exceeds the limit value (30 dB (A)) (early morning time). We determined the sound insulation of an old stone house in two ways. Firstly, we considered the noise of the bells and used an equation to calculate an isolation of 34.10 dB (A), which does not meet the equation’s limit of 57.63 dB (A). The second time, in another room of the same house, we used loudspeaker noise (90 dB(A)) to determine an insulating power of 34.63 dB (A), which does not meet the limit value given by the equation of 57.63 dB (A). In the case of a house, where we measured the heat pump noise, the sound insulation (30.83 dB (A)) determined by the equation meets the limit value (27.33 dB (A)). In the case of a house located on a bypass road, the insulation (37.97 dB (A)) determined by the equation and the loudspeaker (90 dB(A)) does not meet the limit value (63.97 dB (A)). The partition wall insulation in a semi-detached house (51.32 dB (A)), determined by the equation, does not meet the limit value (55.00 dB (A)). In terms of comprehensive prevention and control of noise exposure in the built environment, legislative requirements should be coordinated and the most stringent noise limit values should be used as a basis for calculations, measurements and assessment of adequacy.

• Keywords: noise, sound, sound insulation, noise protection measures